Новые технологии в экспериментальной нейробиологии: нейронные сети на мультиэлектродной матрице

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Аннотация

Мультиэлектродная система (Multielectrode Arraуs, или MEA система), регистрирующая in vitro нейронную активность в самоорганизующейся, функционально гетерогенной нейронной сети культивируемых клеток ЦНС, является новой уникальной технологией для выяснения закономерностей формирования межнейронных связей, а также исследования механизмов нейродеструктивных процессов и поиска способов их фармакологической коррекции. Основным преимуществом применения МЕА систем в электрофизиологических экспериментах является возможность длительной (в течение месяцев) неинвазивной регистрации сигналов и стимуляции культивируемых клеток мозга, в сочетании с прижизненной структурной и функциональной визуализацией ионных токов в нейронах и глиальных клетках in vitro с использованием лазерной сканирующей конфокальной микроскопии. Культивирование ткани и клеток мозга на МЕА системах позволяет в хроническом эксперименте тестировать соединения, оказывающие нейротоксический и нейропротекторный эффект. Большой объем и хорошая воспроизводимость получаемых результатов, а также возможность их количественной оценки позволяют отнести нейронные сети, культивируемые на МЕА системах, к биосенсорам, с помощью которых можно проводить эффективный фармакологический скрининг при моделировании in vitro различных форм нейродегенеративных заболеваний, таких, как ишемия, травма, эпилепсия, болезнь Альцгеймера и др.

Об авторах

Ирина Владимировна Мухина

Нижегородская Государственная медицинская академия

Email: haspekleon@mail.ru
Россия, Нижний Новгород

Леонид Георгиевич Хаспеков

ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: khaspekleon@mail.ru
Россия, Москва

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