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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1037</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2024.1.7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">3,5-Dimethyladamantan-1-amine Restores Short-term Synaptic Plasticity by Changing Function of Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters in Mouse Model of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>3,5-диметил-адамантан-1-амин восстанавливает кратковременную синаптическую пластичность посредством изменения функции транспортёров возбуждающих аминокислот у модельных мышей со спиноцеребеллярной атаксией 1 типа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-5962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belozor</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белозор</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant, Department of biological chemistry with courses of medical, pharmaceutical and toxicological chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент каф. биологической химии с курсами медицинской, фармацевтической и токсикологической химии</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9288-842X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Alex A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher, Scientific and educational cluster MEDBIO</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с. Научного и образовательного кластера МЕДБИО</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2623-0074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mileiko</surname><given-names>Alexandra G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милейко</surname><given-names>Александра Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент биологического факультета</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2839-6161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosina</surname><given-names>Liudmila D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосина</surname><given-names>Людмила Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент биологического факультета</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0022-1898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>Ilya G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>Илья Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент биологического факультета</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3887-1413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaev</surname><given-names>Andrey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваев</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Head, Medical and biological systems and complexes department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., зав. каф. медико-биологических систем и комплексов</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-4733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaev</surname><given-names>Anton N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваев</surname><given-names>Антон Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathological Biochemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., руководитель НИИ молекулярной медицины и патобиохимии</p></bio><email>shuvaevan@krasgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-25"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-01"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Belozor O.S., Vasilev A.A., Mileiko A.G., Mosina L.D., Mikhailov I.G., Shuvaev A.N., Shuvaev A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Белозор О.С., Васильев А.А., Милейко А.Г., Мосина Л.Д., Михайлов И.Г., Шуваев А.Н., Шуваев А.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belozor O.S., Vasilev A.A., Mileiko A.G., Mosina L.D., Mikhailov I.G., Shuvaev A.N., Shuvaev A.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белозор О.С., Васильев А.А., Милейко А.Г., Мосина Л.Д., Михайлов И.Г., Шуваев А.Н., Шуваев А.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1037">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1037</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Memantine is an agent that used for treatment of Alzheimer's type dementia. Memantine considerably reduces the effects of neurodegeneration, may potentially slow down the neurodegenerative changes in the cerebellum and may act as treatment of choice for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA 1).</p> <p><bold>Our </bold>objective was to study molecular mechanisms of the short-term synaptic plasticity improvement associated with long-term memantine use in SCA 1 transgenic mice.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The experiments were performed on 12-week-old CD1 mice. We created a mouse model of cerebellar astrogliosis after expression of mutant ataxin-1 (ATXN1[Q85]) in the Bergmann glia (BG). To model the astrocyte-mediated neurodegeneration in the cerebellum, the mice were injected with LVV GFAP-Flag-ATXN1[Q85] lentiviral vector (LVV) constructs intracortically. Some of the mice received 0.35 mg/kg memantine dissolved in drink water once daily for 9 weeks. The control animals were administered LVV GFAP-ATXN1[Q2]-Flag. Changes of the excitatory postsynaptic currents amplitudes from Purkinje cells (PC) were recorded by patch clamp. Expression of anti-EAAT1 in the cerebellar cortex was assessed using immunohistochemistry.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The reactive glia of the cerebellar cortex in SCA1 mice is characterized by a decrease in the immunoreactivity of anti-EAAT1, while chronic memantine use restores this capacity. The decay time of the excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude in the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapses of the SCA1 mice is considerably longer, which indicates the slowing of glutamate reuptake and EAAT1 dysfunction. The prolonged presence of increased neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic cleft facilitates activation of the mGluR1 signaling and restoration of mGluR1-dependent synaptic plasticity in Purkinje cells of the SCA1 mice.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The slowing of neurotransmitter reuptake associated with long-term memantine treatment improves mGluR1-dependent short-term synaptic plasticity of the Purkinje cells in the SCA1 mice. Restoration of synaptic plasticity in these animals may underlie partial reduction of ataxic syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Мемантин — препарат для лечения деменции альцгеймерского типа, который значительно уменьшает явления нейродегенерации. Потенциально он может замедлить нейродегенеративные изменения в мозжечке и быть средством выбора в лечении спиноцеребеллярной атаксии 1 типа (СЦА1).</p> <p><bold>Цель работы </bold>—<bold> </bold>исследование молекулярных основ улучшения кратковременной синаптической пластичности при длительном потреблении мемантина модельными СЦА1-мышами.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Опыты проведены на 12-недельных мышах линии CD1. Мы создали модель астроглиоза мозжечка мыши после экспрессии мутантного атаксина 1 (ATXN1[Q85]) в глии Бергмана. Для моделирования астроцит-опосредованной нейродегенерации мозжечка данным мышам интракортикально в мозжечок вводили векторную конструкцию LVV GFAP-ATXN1[Q85]-Flag. Часть этих мышей получала мемантин в дозе 0,35 мг/кг в день, растворённой в питьевой воде, в течение 9 нед. Мышам контрольной группы вводили LVV GFAP-ATXN1[Q2]-Flag. Динамику амплитуд возбуждающих постсинаптических токов клеток Пуркинье регистрировали с помощью метода локальной фиксации потенциала. Экспрессию anti-ЕААТ1 в коре мозжечка изучали методом иммуногистохимии.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Для реактивной глии коры мозжечка у СЦА1-мышей характерно снижение иммунореактивности анти-ЕААТ1, хроническое потребление мемантина восстанавливает этот показатель. У СЦА1-мышей в синапсах параллельных волокон с клетками Пуркинье время спада амплитуд возбуждающих постсинаптических токов значительно увеличено, что свидетельствует о замедлении обратного захвата глутамата и нарушении функции ЕААТ1. Повышенное продолжительное нахождение нейромедиатора в синаптической щели способствует облегчению активации mGluR1-пути передачи сигналов и восстановлению mGluR1-зависимой синаптической пластичности в клетках Пуркинье СЦА1-мышей.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Замедление обратного захвата нейромедиатора при длительном потреблении мемантина оказывает положительное влияние на mGluR1-зависимую кратковременную синаптическую пластичность в клетках Пуркинье СЦА1-мышей. Восстановление синаптической пластичности у данных животных может лежать в основе частичного уменьшения атаксического синдрома.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>short-term synaptic plasticity</kwd><kwd>astrogliosis</kwd><kwd>spinocerebellar ataxia type 1</kwd><kwd>glutamate reuptake</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кратковременная синаптическая пластичность</kwd><kwd>астроглиоз</kwd><kwd>спиноцеребеллярная атаксия 1 типа</kwd><kwd>обратный захват глутамата</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">РНФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">RSF</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-25-00047</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Opal P., Ashizawa T. Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1. In: M.P. Adam (ed.) GeneReviews. Seattle; 1998. 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