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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1045</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2023.4.7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of Mitochondrial Gene Activity in Dopaminergic Neuron Cultures Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Obtained from Parkinson's Disease Patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка активности митохондриальных генов в культурах дофаминергических нейронов, полученных из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток от пациентов с болезнью Паркинсона</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-5373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetchinova</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветчинова</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neuroplasticity, Brain Science Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии отдела молекулярных и клеточных механизмов нейропластичности Института мозга </p></bio><email>annvet@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-2897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapkaeva</surname><given-names>Marina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капкаева</surname><given-names>Марина Рафаиловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Neurobiology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neuroplasticity, Brain Science Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с. лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии отдела молекулярных и клеточных механизмов нейропластичности Института мозга </p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3835-6622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudzhiri</surname><given-names>Natalia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муджири</surname><given-names>Наталья Мурадовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Neuromorphology, Brain Science Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. лаб. нейроморфологии Института мозга </p></bio><email>Mudzhirinm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarioshkin</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иллариошкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., RAS Full Member, Deputy Director for Science; Director, Brain Science Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе, директор Института мозга </p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-20"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Vetchinova A.S., Kapkaeva M.R., Mudzhiri N.M., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Ветчинова А.С., Капкаева М.Р., Муджири Н.М., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vetchinova A.S., Kapkaeva M.R., Mudzhiri N.M., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ветчинова А.С., Капкаева М.Р., Муджири Н.М., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1045">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1045</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction<italic>.</italic></bold> Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) culturing allows modelling of neurodegenerative diseases in vitro and discovering its early biomarkers.</p> <p>Our<bold><italic> </italic></bold><bold>objective<italic> </italic></bold>was to evaluate the activity of genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics and functions in genetic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) using cultures of dopaminergic neurons derived from iPSCs.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods<italic>.</italic></bold> Dopaminergic neuron cultures were derived by reprogramming of the cells obtained from PD patients with SNCA and LRRK2 gene mutations, as well as from a healthy donor for control. Expression levels of 112 genes regulating mitochondrial structure, dynamics, and functions were assessed by multiplex gene expression profiling using NanoString nCounter custom mitochondrial gene expression panel.</p> <p><bold>Results<italic>.</italic></bold> When comparing the characteristics of the neurons from patients with genetic forms of PD to those of the control, we observed variations in the gene activity associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities, biosynthesis of amino acids, oxidation of fatty acids, steroid metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and free radical quenching. Several genes in the cell cultures with SNCA and LRRK2 gene mutations exhibited differential expression. Moreover, these genes regulate mitophagy, mitochondrial DNA synthesis, redox reactions, cellular detoxification, apoptosis, as well as metabolism of proteins and nucleotides.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions<italic>.</italic></bold> The changes in gene network expression found in this pilot study confirm the role of disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis in the molecular pathogenesis of PD. These findings may contribute to the development of biomarkers and to the search for new therapeutic targets for the treatment of SNCA- and LRRK2-associated forms of the disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение<italic>.</italic></bold> Технологии культивирования индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ИПСК) предоставляют возможность для моделирования нейродегенеративных заболеваний in vitro и поиска их ранних биомаркеров.</p> <p><bold>Цель<italic> </italic></bold>исследования — оценить активность генов, вовлечённых в функционирование митохондрий, на культурах дофаминергических нейронов — производных ИПСК — при генетических формах болезни Паркинсона (БП).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы<italic>.</italic></bold> Культуры дофаминергических нейронов были получены путём клеточного репрограммирования от пациентов с БП, являющихся носителями мутаций в генах SNCA и LRRK2, а также от здорового донора (контроль). С помощью технологии мультиплексного профилирования генной экспрессии на платформе «NanoString» оценивали экспрессию 112 генов, участвующих в структурно-функциональной организации митохондрий и собранных в специальную «митохондриальную» панель.</p> <p><bold>Результаты<italic>.</italic></bold> При сравнении характеристик нейронов, полученных от пациентов с генетическими формами БП и в контроле, выявлены различия в активности генов, продукты которых связаны с работой митохондриального дыхательного комплекса, ферментами цикла трикарбоновых кислот, биосинтезом аминокислот, окислением жирных кислот, метаболизмом стероидов, гомеостазом кальция в клетке, утилизацией свободных радикалов. Ряд генов показал также дифференцированную экспрессию в культурах с мутациями SNCA и LRRK2; в дополнение к указанным выше функциям данные гены контролируют митофагию, синтез митохондриальной ДНК, окислительные реакции, процессы детоксикации клетки и апоптоз, метаболизм белков и нуклеотидов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение<italic>.</italic></bold> Выявленные в настоящем пилотном исследовании изменения экспрессии генных сетей подтверждают роль нарушений митохондриального гомеостаза в молекулярном патогенезе БП и могут способствовать разработке биомаркеров и поиску новых терапевтических мишеней при SNCA- и LRRK2-ассоциированных формах заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson's disease</kwd><kwd>SNCA</kwd><kwd>LRRK2</kwd><kwd>induced pluripotent stem cells</kwd><kwd>dopaminergic neurons</kwd><kwd>transcriptomics</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>SNCA</kwd><kwd>LRRK2</kwd><kwd>индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>дофаминергические нейроны</kwd><kwd>транскриптомика</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>№ 19-15-00320</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dorsey E.R., Bloem B.R. 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