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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1139</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ACEN.1139</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Spectrum of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Спектр когнитивных нарушений у пациентов с рассеянным склерозом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-3107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabirova</surname><given-names>Alfiia  H.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забирова</surname><given-names>Альфия Ходжаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research assistant, Non-invasive neuromodulation group, Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Recovery Technologies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь группы неинвазивной нейромодуляции Института нейрореабилитации и восстановительных технологий </p></bio><email>alfijasabirowa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0716-3737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>Ilya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>Илья Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Head, Non-invasive neuromodulation group, Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Recovery Technologies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, с. н. с., рук. группы неинвазивной нейромодуляции Института нейрореабилитации и восстановительных технологий </p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-9968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Maria N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Мария Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), principal researcher, Head, 6<sup>th</sup> Neurological department, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Neurology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, г. н. с., рук. 6-го неврологического отделения Института клинической и профилактической неврологии </p></bio><email>zakharova@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-3388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gnedovskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гнедовская</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), leading researcher, Deputy director for research, organizational work, Head, Institute of Medical Education and Professional Development</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, в. н. с., зам. директора по научно-организационной работе Научного центра неврологии, директор Института медицинского образования и профессионального развития </p></bio><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3956-6362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suponeva</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супонева</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Corresponding Member of RAS, Director, Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Recovery Technologies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор Института нейрореабилитации и восстановительных технологий </p></bio><email>nasu2709@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научный центр неврологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-22"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-18"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Zabirova A.H., Bakulin I.S., Zakharova M.N., Gnedovskaya E.V., Suponeva N.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Забирова А.Х., Бакулин И.С., Захарова М.Н., Гнедовская Е.В., Супонева Н.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabirova A.H., Bakulin I.S., Zakharova M.N., Gnedovskaya E.V., Suponeva N.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Забирова А.Х., Бакулин И.С., Захарова М.Н., Гнедовская Е.В., Супонева Н.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1139">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1139</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), which significantly affects patients’ daily life and professional activity. Despite the development of methods to screen MS patients for CI, data on its prevalence in the Russian population are still lacking.</p> <p><bold>Aim</bold>: to comprehensively assess cognitive functions in patients with different types of MS.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The study included MS patients who did not have any other possible causes of CI and no diseases or conditions that confounded this assessment. CI was determined using the Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) test battery and the Stroop test as a decrease in the scores below the mean by at least 1.5 standard deviations. CI was subjectively assessed using the Perceived Deficit Questionnaire; fatigue was subjectively assessed using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). The Mann–Whitney test and Fisher’s exact test were used for comparison, and the Spearman test was used to evaluate correlations.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>We evaluated 77 MS patients (30 men; age 40 [30; 48] years; 47 with relapsing-remitting MS, 30 with progressive MS). CI incidence was 23.4% in patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 77% in patients with progressive MS, while multi-domain CI was statistically significantly more common in patients with progressive MS. Impairment of processing speed was the most common. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS and CI were statistically significantly older and had longer disease duration than those without CI. There was a statistically significant correlation of subjective CI severity with MFIS scores but not with testing results.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>CI incidence in MS patients was relatively high with greater severity and involvement of more domains in patients with progressive MS. No correlation was found between subjective and objective CI assessment results, which may suggest that patients underestimated their deficit.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Когнитивные нарушения (КН) являются распространённым проявлением рассеянного склероза (РС), значимо влияющим на повседневную и профессиональную активность пациентов. Несмотря на развитие методик скрининговой оценки КН при РС, сохраняется недостаток данных об их распространённости в российской популяции.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> исследования — комплексная оценка когнитивных функций у пациентов с разными типами течения РС.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование включены пациенты с РС, не имеющие иных возможных причин развития КН и заболеваний или состояний, затрудняющих тестирование. КН определяли с помощью батареи тестов Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis и теста Струпа как снижение показателей ниже среднего на 1,5 и более стандартных отклонения. Субъективную оценку КН проводили с помощью опросника Perceived Deficit Questionnaire, утомления — шкалы Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Для сравнения использовали критерий Манна–Уитни и точный критерий Фишера, для оценки корреляций — критерий Спирмена.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Обследованы 77 пациентов с РС (30 мужчин, возраст 40 [30; 48] лет, 47 — с ремиттирующим РС, 30 — с прогрессирующим РС). Частота КН у пациентов с ремиттирующим РС составила 23,4%, с прогрессирующим РС — 77%, при этом у пациентов с прогрессирующим РС статистически значимо чаще встречались мультидоменные КН. Наиболее часто регистрировались нарушения скорости обработки информации. Пациенты с ремиттирующим РС и КН были статистически значимо старше и имели бóльшую длительность заболевания по сравнению с пациентами без КН. Субъективная выраженность КН статистически значимо коррелировала с показателями MFIS, но не с результатами тестирования.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Показана достаточно высокая частота КН у пациентов с РС, при этом бóльшая выраженность и вовлечение большего числа доменов наблюдались при прогрессирующем РС. Обнаружено отсутствие корреляции субъективной и объективной оценки КН, что может свидетельствовать о недооценке пациентами дефицита.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>fatigue</kwd><kwd>cognitive test batteries</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>утомление</kwd><kwd>батареи когнитивных тестов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ "Научный центр неврологии", НИР «Восстановление и адаптация больных с повреждением нервной системы: современные возможности изучения механизмов, практико-ориентированные подходы»</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122041800162-9</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>GBD 2016 Multiple Sclerosis Collaborators. 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