Annals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyAnnals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyАнналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии2075-54732409-2533Eco-Vector121910.17816/ACEN.1219KHXTLYReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleMitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease: current concepts and potential therapeutic strategiesМитохондриальная дисфункция в патогенезе болезни Паркинсона: современные представления и потенциальные терапевтические стратегииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6547-6622ZhukovaNatalia G.ЖуковаНаталья Григорьевна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor, Department of neurology and neurosurgery

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор каф. неврологии и нейрохирургии

sayfutdinxodjaev2002@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-2471KolobovnikovaJulia V.КолобовниковаЮлия Владимировна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Dean, Faculty of medicine and biology, Head, Department of normal physiology, Professor, Department of pathophysiology

доктор медицинских наук, доцент, декан медико-биологического факультета, зав. каф. нормальной физиологии, профессор каф. Патофизиологии

sayfutdinxodjaev2002@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-2184-27089065-3080SayfitdinkhuzhaevZaynutdinkhuzha F.СайфитдинхужаевЗайнутдинхужа Фазлиддинхужа угли
Russian Federation

research assistant, Department of scientific and educational laboratory of cognitive neurophysiology of psychosomatic relationships

лаборант-исследователь кафедральной научно-образовательной лаборатории когнитивной нейрофизиологии психосоматических отношений

sayfutdinxodjaev2002@gmail.comSiberian State Medical UniversityСибирский государственный медицинский университет2606202519274812510202404122024Copyright ©; 2025, Zhukova N.G., Kolobovnikova J.V., Sayfitdinkhuzhaev Z.F.Copyright ©; 2025, Жукова Н.Г., Колобовникова Ю.В., Сайфитдинхужаев З.Ф.2025Zhukova N.G., Kolobovnikova J.V., Sayfitdinkhuzhaev Z.F.Жукова Н.Г., Колобовникова Ю.В., Сайфитдинхужаев З.Ф.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1219

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive extrapyramidal disorder characterized by the biodegradation of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The total number of patients diagnosed with PD worldwide is expected to more than double by 2030, inevitably placing a significant financial burden on healthcare systems. The progression of the disease leads to persistent maladjustment in all aspects of the patient’s life, resulting in a loss of human resources. Approximately 85–90% of PD cases are sporadic and multifactorial. The remaining 10–15% are familial forms with conventional inheritance patterns. Current research suggests multiple mechanisms for PD development, but increasing evidence supports a critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD pathogenesis.

The aim of this review was to discuss the key pathogenetic mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD pathogenesis. The following keywords and phrases (both in Russian and English) were used to search databases such as eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, and Web of Science for full-text articles in Russian and English published over the last 20 years: Parkinson disease, neurodegeneration, pathophysiology, mitochondrial dysfunction, bioenergetics, mitophagy, pathogenetic therapy.

The review describes the factors that cause mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on PD. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction are also described.

Болезнь Паркинсона (БП) — прогрессирующее экстрапирамидное заболевание, характеризующееся биодеградацией дофаминергических нейронов чёрной субстанции. Прогнозируется, что общее число пациентов с диагнозом БП к 2030 г. в мире увеличится более чем в 2 раза, что неизбежно приведёт к большой материальной нагрузке на систему здравоохранения. Прогрессирование заболевания характеризуется стойкой дезадаптацией пациентов во всех сферах жизни и, как следствие, потерей человеческих ресурсов. Около 85–90% случаев БП являются спорадическими и имеют мультифакториальную природу. Оставшиеся 10–15% являются семейными формами с традиционными формами наследования. Современные исследования доказывают различные механизмы развития заболевания, однако всё больше данных подтверждают решающую роль митохондриальной дисфункции в развитии БП.

Цель обзора — рассмотреть ключевые патогенетические механизмы митохондриальной дисфункции в контексте патогенеза заболевания. Нами проведён поиск полнотекстовых публикаций на русском и английском языках в базах данных eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, Web of Science за последнее 20 лет с использованием ключевых слов и словосочетаний: болезнь Паркинсона, нейродегенерация, патофизиология, митохондриальная дисфункция, биоэнергетика, митофагия, патогенетическая терапия.

В обзоре подробно рассмотрены факторы, индуцирующие митохондриальную дисфункцию, а также влияние митохондриальной дисфункции на развитие БП. Представлены потенциальные терапевтические стратегии, сопряжённые с митохондриальной дисфункцией.

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