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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1227</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ACEN.1227</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IAUIYW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of neurogenesis and cerebral angiogenesis in the hippocampal neurogenic niche in animals with two experimental models of Alzheimer’s disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ нейрогенеза и церебрального ангиогенеза в нейрогенной нише гиппокампа у животных с двумя моделями экспериментальной болезни Альцгеймера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1284-6711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Averchuk</surname><given-names>Anton S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверчук</surname><given-names>Антон Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associated Professor, senior researcher, Laboratory of neurobiology and tissue engineering, Brain Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент, с. н. с. лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии Института мозга</p></bio><email>antonaverchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukla</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукла</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research assistant, Laboratory of neurobiology and tissue engineering, Brain Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии Института мозга</p></bio><email>antonaverchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-4679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozanova</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розанова</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, research assistant, Laboratory of neurobiology and tissue engineering, Brain Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь, аспирант лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии Института мозга</p></bio><email>antonaverchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-0934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stavrovskaya</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ставровская</surname><given-names>Алла Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), leading researcher, Laboratory of experimental pathology of the nervous system and neuropharmacology, Brain Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной патологии нервной системы и нейрофармакологии Института мозга</p></bio><email>antonaverchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4012-6348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmina</surname><given-names>Alla B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмина</surname><given-names>Алла Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., chief researcher, Head, Laboratory of neurobiology and tissue engineering, Brain Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, зав. лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии Института мозга</p></bio><email>antonaverchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Center of Neurology and Neurosciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-05"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Averchuk A.S., Kukla M.V., Rozanova N.A., Stavrovskaya A.V., Salmina A.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Аверчук А.С., Кукла М.В., Розанова Н.А., Ставровская А.В., Салмина А.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Averchuk A.S., Kukla M.V., Rozanova N.A., Stavrovskaya A.V., Salmina A.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аверчук А.С., Кукла М.В., Розанова Н.А., Ставровская А.В., Салмина А.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1227">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1227</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold><bold>. </bold>Various animal models are employed to uncover the mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Understanding brain damage pathogenesis in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and identifying common patterns inherent to all relevant models is essential for adequate interpretation of findings, development of new models, as well as prevention and therapy strategies.</p> <p><bold>The</bold><bold> </bold><bold>study</bold> aimed to assess neurogenesis and remodeling of the microvasculature in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in mice with two AD models.</p> <p><bold>Materials</bold><bold> </bold><bold>and</bold><bold> </bold><bold>methods</bold><bold>. </bold>The study employed two in vivo Alzheimer’s disease models: 1) animals with intrahippocampal administration of amyloid-β protein fragment Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>; 2) 5xFAD transgenic mice. Cognitive functions were evaluated using a passive avoidance test. On days 7 and 28 post-training, we assessed vascular network branching and density in the hippocampus using Evans Blue with subsequent software-based analysis of skeletonized images, analyzed proliferative activity of neuronal and endothelial cells, and their subpopulation composition using BrdU assay and multiparameter immunostaining of brain thin sections.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold><bold>. </bold>Animals following intrahippocampal Aβ<sub>25 -35</sub> administration demonstrated enhanced neurogenesis and neoangiogenesis over 28 days post-training, unlike 5xFAD mice which showed delayed and less pronounced proliferation of neuronal cells in the SGZ alongside transient increases in proliferating endothelial cells. Both AD models exhibited divergent changes in tip and stalk cell counts within the hippocampal SGZ, indicating non-productive neoangiogenesis confirmed by reduced vascular branching and density in the SGZ of animals from both models.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold><bold>. </bold>Cognitive deficits associated with experience-induced neurogenesis and cerebral angiogenesis mechanisms in the hippocampal neurogenic niche differ between AD models representing sporadic and familial variants, highlighting the need for fundamentally different approaches to pathogenetic therapy targeting non-productive angiogenesis and aberrant brain plasticity in various Alzheimer’s type neurodegeneration scenarios.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Механизмы развития болезни Альцгеймера (БА) изучают с использованием разнообразных моделей на животных. Понимание особенностей патогенеза повреждения мозга у животных с разными моделями нейродегенерации и выявление общих закономерностей, присущих всем релевантным моделям, важно для корректной интерпретации полученных данных, разработки новых моделей и способов профилактики и терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>исследования — оценить изменения нейрогенеза и ремоделирования микрососудов в субгранулярной зоне (СГЗ) гиппокампа головного мозга мышей с двумя моделями БА.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Для исследования<bold> </bold>были использованы две модели БА in vivo: 1) животные с интрагиппокампальным введением фрагмента β-амилоидного белка Aβ<sub>25–35</sub>; 2) животные линии 5xFAD. Когнитивные функции оценивали с помощью теста условной реакции пассивного избегания.<bold> </bold>На 7-е и 28-е сутки после обучения выполняли оценку ветвления и плотности сосудистой сети в гиппокампе с помощью Evans Blue с последующим программным анализом скелетированных изображений, анализ пролиферативной активности нейрональных клеток, эндотелиальных клеток и их субпопуляционного состава — с помощью теста с BrdU и мультипараметрического иммуноокрашивания тонких срезов мозга.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Животные после интрагиппокампального введения Aβ<sub>25–35</sub> демонстрировали усиленный нейрогенез и неоангиогенез в течение 28 сут после обучения, в отличие от животных с 5xFAD, у которых пролиферация клеток нейрональной природы в СГЗ носила замедленный и менее выраженный характер на фоне транзиторного увеличения количества пролиферирующих клеток эндотелия. У животных с разными моделями БА изменения количества tip- и stalk-клеток в СГЗ гиппокампа были разнонаправленными, что свидетельствует о несовершенном неоангиогенезе, подтверждаемом снижением ветвления и плотности сосудистой сети в СГЗ животных с обеими моделями БА.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Формирование когнитивного дефицита на фоне различных по механизмам развития опыт-индуцированного нейрогенеза и церебрального ангиогенеза в нейрогенной нише гиппокампа у животных с моделями БА, характерными для спорадических и семейных вариантов, демонстрирует необходимость в разработке принципиально разных подходов к патогенетической терапии непродуктивного ангиогенеза и аберрантной пластичности мозга при разных вариантах развития нейродегенерации альцгеймеровского типа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease models</kwd><kwd>neuroplasticity</kwd><kwd>neurogenesis</kwd><kwd>neurogenic niche</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модели болезни Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>нейропластичность</kwd><kwd>нейрогенез</kwd><kwd>нейрогенная ниша</kwd><kwd>гиппокамп</kwd><kwd>ангиогенез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-15-00126</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cramer SC, Sur M, Dobkin BH, et al. 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