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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">13</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic13</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of the risk factors of cerebrovascular disorders in the capital city residents aged 40–59: a clinical and epidemiological study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распространенность факторов риска цереброваскулярных заболеваний у жителей мегаполиса в возрасте 40-59 лет (клинико-эпидемиологическое исследование)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gnedovskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гнедовская</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>Михаил Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopovich</surname><given-names>М. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопович</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>O. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Oshchepkova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ощепкова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varakin</surname><given-names>Yu. Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варакин</surname><given-names>Юрий Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-0392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Piradov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирадов</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., академик РАН, директор</p></bio><email>gnedovskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Cardiology Research Complex</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Российский кардиологический научно-производственный комплекс» МЗ РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-12-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-01-27"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Gnedovskaya E.V., Kravchenko M.A., Prokopovich M.E., Andreeva O.S., Sergeev D.V., Oshchepkova E.V., Varakin Y.Y., Piradov M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Gnedovskaya E.V., Kravchenko M.A., Prokopovich M.E., Andreeva O.S., Sergeev D.V., Oshchepkova E.V., Varakin Y.Y., Piradov M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gnedovskaya E.V., Kravchenko M.A., Prokopovich M.E., Andreeva O.S., Sergeev D.V., Oshchepkova E.V., Varakin Y.Y., Piradov M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Gnedovskaya E.V., Kravchenko M.A., Prokopovich M.E., Andreeva O.S., Sergeev D.V., Oshchepkova E.V., Varakin Y.Y., Piradov M.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/13">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/13</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Circulatory system diseases and cerebrovascular disorders are among the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in the Russian Federation. Updated information on prevalence and structure of the risk factors is needed to elaborate populationwide prevention measures.<bold>The aim</bold> is to assess the prevalence of the risk factors for cerebrovascular disorders in the working-age population of capital city residents and stratification of subjects into the risk groups using clinical scales for comprehensive evaluation.<bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Thorough screening of the open population aged 40–59 was carried out at one outpatient medical service facility in Moscow in 2011–2012: 376 subjects (156 men, 220 women). The analysis took into account gender and agerelated differences (in the age groups of 49–49 and 50–59-yearold adults).<bold>Results.</bold> We obtained the data on prevalence of the major risk factors of cerebrovascular disorders, men/women (%): family history – 38.5/55.9, smoking 40.4/25.9, low physical activity – 48.4/49.5, class 1 obesity – 21.8/21.4, class 2 and 3 obesity – 6.4/12.7, elevated serum cholesterol levels – 32.7/43.2, elevated serum triglyceride levels – 23.1/15.0, hypertension – 48.1/45.0, type 2 diabetes – 3.8/2.7, increased intima-media thickness in the carotid and femoral arteries – 44.9/65.9, atherosclerotic plaques of any localization (carotid and/or femoral arteries) 62.8/40.5, and &gt;30% atherosclerotic stenosis of any localization – 12.2/7.7. Prevalence of the risk factors in the population and, in some cases, their severity increased with age (before and after age 50) up to 1.5–2 fold. When using SCORE and Stroke Riskometer ™ tools for stratification, 8.6% and 39.3% subjects fell into the high-risk groups, respectively.<bold>Conclusion.</bold> Working-age capital city residents in the 40–59 years cohort show high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders with the first significant rise of prevalence after reaching a 50-year age border; hypertension, low physical activity and increased intima-media thickness hold leading positions. The newest Stroke Riskometer™ appears to be the most relevant tool for the risk assessing as it has a variety of undoubted advantages compared to other clinical instruments.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В России болезни системы кровообращения относятся к ведущим причинам заболеваемости и смертности. Значительная их часть – цереброваскулярные заболевания (ЦВЗ). Для разработки мер по их профилактике на уровне популяции необходимы актуальные данные о распространенности и структуре факторов риска (ФР), включая комплексную оценку риска с помощью современных шкал.<bold>Цель</bold> – изучение распространенности ФР ЦВЗ в популяции мегаполиса у лиц трудоспособного возраста и стратификация населения по группам риска с применением комплексных шкал его суммарной оценки.<bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проводился сплошной скрининг открытой популяции в возрасте 40–59 лет двух терапевтических поликлинических участков Москвы в 2011–2012 гг. Анализ сформированной когорты (376 человек, 156 мужчин и 220 женщин) проводился с учетом гендерных и возрастных различий (в группах 40–49 лет и 50–59 лет).<bold>Результаты.</bold> Распространенность основных ФР в популяции 40–59 лет у мужчин/женщин соответственно (%): отягощенный семейный анамнез – 38,5/55,9, курение – 40,4/25,9, низкая физическая активность – 48,4/49,5, ожирение I степени – 21,8/21,4, ожирение II–III ст. – 6,4/12,7, гиперхолестеринемия – 32,7/43,2, гипертриглицеридемия – 23,1/15,0, артериальная гипертензия (АГ) – 48,1/45,0, сахарный диабет 2 типа – 3,8/2,7, утолщение комплекса интима-медиа (КИМ) в брахиоцефальных артериях (БЦА) и общих бедренных артериях (ОБА) – 44,9/65,9, атеросклеротические бляшки любой локализации (БЦА и/или ОБА) – 62,8/40,5, стеноз более 30% любой локализации – 12,2/7,7. С возрастом (до и после 50 лет) отмечалось увеличение, нередко в 1,5–2 раза, показателей распространенности ФР в популяции, а также тяжести и выраженности их отдельных характеристик. При аналогичном принципе стратификации по шкалам комплексной оценки SCORE и Рискометр™ инсульта в группах очень высокого и высокого риска оказалось 8,6% и 39,3% лиц исследованной популяции соответственно.<bold>Заключение.</bold> У трудоспособного населения мегаполиса 40–59 лет наблюдается широкая распространенность ФР развития сердечно-сосудистых и цереброваскулярных заболеваний. Лидирующие позиции занимают АГ, дислипидемия, низкая физическая активность и изменения КИМ. Использование новейшей суммарной шкалы расчета риска развития инсульта – Рискометр™ инсульта – является оптимальным, поскольку она обладает рядом несомненных преимуществ по сравнению с другими современными шкалами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>cerebrovascular disorders</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>hypertension</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>Stroke Riskometer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>цереброваскулярные заболевания</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз, артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>Рискометр инсульта</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Mendis S., Puska P., Norrving B., eds. Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2011; 164. 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