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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1462</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ACEN.1462</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GTHLKV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase А<sub>2</sub> as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target in post-stroke cognitive impairment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Липопротеин-ассоциированная фосфолипаза А<sub>2</sub> как биомаркер и потенциальная терапевтическая мишень при постинсультных когнитивных нарушениях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-3110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Wirawan</surname><given-names>Chandra</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вираван</surname><given-names>Чандра</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, neurology resident, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач, ординатор отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>chandra.wirawanwu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-2922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utami</surname><given-names>Desak Ketut Indrasari</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Утами</surname><given-names>Десак Кетут Индрасари</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, lecturer, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философии, преподаватель отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>desak.ketutin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3818-8010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anak</surname><given-names>Agung Ayu Meidiary</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анак</surname><given-names>Агунг Аю Мейдиари</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, lecturer, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философии, преподаватель отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>meiadry.ayu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Widyantara</surname><given-names>I Wayan</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Видьянтара</surname><given-names>И Ваян</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, lecturer, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач, преподаватель отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>widyantaraneuro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-0348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Widyadharma</surname><given-names>I Putu Eka</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Видьядхарма</surname><given-names>И Путу Эка</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head, Neurology residency program and lecturer in neurology, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философии, руководитель программы ординатуры по неврологии, преподаватель неврологии отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>widyadharmaeka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-6549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Widyastuti</surname><given-names>Ketut</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Видьястути</surname><given-names>Кетут</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="ID">Indonesia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, lecturer, Department of neurology, Faculty of medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор философии, преподаватель отд. неврологии медицинского факультета</p></bio><email>kt_widyastuti@unud.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Universitas Udayana</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Удаяна</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральная больница общего профиля имени профессора доктора И.Г.Н.Г. Нгоэра</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">ьProf. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральная больница общего профиля имени профессора доктора И.Г.Н.Г. Нгоэра</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-21"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Wirawan C., Utami D., Anak A., Widyantara I., Widyadharma I., Widyastuti K.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Вираван Ч., Утами Д., Анак А., Видьянтара И., Видьядхарма И., Видьястути К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Wirawan C., Utami D., Anak A., Widyantara I., Widyadharma I., Widyastuti K.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вираван Ч., Утами Д., Анак А., Видьянтара И., Видьядхарма И., Видьястути К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1462">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/1462</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a major complication of cerebrovascular disease, spanning from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. PSCI pathogenesis involves complex mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis. Recent studies have identified lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (LP-PLA<sub>2</sub>) as a key enzyme in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, both of which are closely linked to post-stroke cognitive decline. LP-PLA<sub>2</sub> contributes to PSCI pathogenesis via several pathways: (1) promoting vascular injury and neurodegeneration via inflammatory lipid metabolites such as lysophosphatidylcholine; (2) impairing the blood-brain barrier, leading to increased permeability and amyloid-β accumulation; and (3) inducing calcium-dependent neuronal apoptosis through oxidized fatty acids like arachidonic acid. These processes reduce cognitive reserve and neuroplasticity, thereby accelerating cognitive decline in ischemic stroke survivors. In addition, elevated LP-PLA<sub>2</sub> levels have been associated with recurrent vascular events and unfavorable neurological outcomes, suggesting a role in ongoing post-stroke inflammation. Persistent activation of vascular inflammatory pathways may exacerbate cerebral small vessel disease, white matter damage, and synaptic dysfunction, which are critical determinants of long-term cognitive performance. The interaction between vascular injury and neurodegeneration further highlights the importance of inflammatory mediators in PSCI progression. Given its pathophysiological relevance, LP-PLA<sub>2</sub> holds promise as a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for mitigating cognitive deterioration after stroke.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Постинсультные когнитивные нарушения (ПИКН) — наиболее частое осложнение цереброваскулярных заболеваний, которое по степени тяжести варьирует от умеренных когнитивных нарушений до деменции. Патогенез ПИКН характеризуется сложными механизмами, включающими нейровоспаление, окислительный стресс и апоптоз нейронов. Липопротеин-ассоциированная фосфолипаза А<sub>2</sub> (ЛП-ФЛА<sub>2</sub>) является ключевым ферментом сосудистого воспаления и атеросклероза — процессов, тесно связанных со снижением когнитивных функций после инсульта. Выделяют несколько механизмов участия ЛП-ФЛА<sub>2</sub> в патогенезе ПИКН: (1) стимуляция повреждения сосудов и нейродегенерации воспалительными липидными метаболитами, такими как лизофосфатидилхолин; (2) нарушение целостности гематоэнцефалического барьера, что ведёт к повышению его проницаемости и накоплению амилоида-β; (3) индукция кальций-зависимого апоптоза нейронов за счёт окисленных жирных кислот, например арахидоновой. Эти процессы снижают когнитивный резерв и нейропластичность, ускоряя когнитивное снижение у пациентов, перенёсших ишемический инсульт. Кроме того, повышенный уровень ЛП-ФЛА<sub>2</sub> сопряжён с рецидивами сосудистых нарушений и неблагоприятными неврологическими исходами, что указывает на участие фермента в продолжающемся постинсультном воспалении. Персистирующая активация сигнальных путей сосудистого воспаления может усугублять поражение мелких сосудов головного мозга, повреждение белого вещества и синаптическую дисфункцию — ключевые факторы когнитивного функционирования в отдалённом периоде. Связь между повреждением сосудов и нейродегенерацией подтверждает участие медиаторов воспаления в прогрессировании ПИКН. С учётом патофизиологической роли ЛП-ФЛА<sub>2</sub> рассматривается как перспективный диагностический биомаркер и терапевтическая мишень для коррекции когнитивного снижения в постинсультном периоде.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>lysophosphatidylcholines</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>лизофосфатидилхолин</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44(7):2064–2089. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. 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