Annals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyAnnals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyАнналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии2075-54732409-2533Eco-Vector2110.17816/psaic21TechnologiesТехнологииUnknownHigh-intensity focused ultrasound in functional neurosurgeryВысокоинтенсивный фокусированный ультразвук в функциональной нейрохирургииTyurnikovVladimir M.ТюрниковВладимир Михайлович
Russian Federation
agou@endospine.ruGushchaArtyom O.ГущаАртем Олегович
Russian Federation
agou@endospine.ruResearch Center of NeurologyФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»02122016104525730012017Copyright ©; 2016, Tyurnikov V.M., Gushcha A.O.Copyright ©; 2016, Tyurnikov V.M., Gushcha A.O.2016Tyurnikov V.M., Gushcha A.O.Tyurnikov V.M., Gushcha A.O.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/21

Stereotactic functional neurosurgical interventions for basal ganglia are an important method for treating movement, pain, obsessive compulsive and depressive disorders. These interventions include destructive surgeries and deep brain stimulation through implanted electrodes. Destructive surgeries have a number of serious limitations, since they are associated with a higher risk of complications, especially in case of bilateral interventions.High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a novel noninvasive approach proposed for destruction of a certain target point in the brain. We discuss the technical foundations of HIFU, thoroughly analyze the advantages and drawbacks of the method compared to other methods of modern functional neurosurgery, and summarize the first results of using HIFU in the world’s leading clinics. Further accumulation of experience is needed to perform a weighted analysis of the potential of HIFU and to assess the long-term effects of the interventions performed and the role of this procedure in the algorithms for treating various nervous system diseases.

Важнейшим методом лечения двигательных, болевых, обсессивно-компульсивных и депрессивнных расстройств являются функциональные стереотаксические нейрохирургические вмешательства на базальных ганглиях. Они включают как деструктивные операции, так и глубокую стимуляцию мозга с использованием имплантированных электродов. Применение деструктивных операций имеет ряд серьезных ограничений в силу более высокой частоты осложнений, особенно при двусторонних вмешательствах. Новым неинвазивным подходом, предложенным для деструкции определенной точкицели в головном мозге, является применение высокоинтенсивного фокусированного ультразвука (ВФУЗ). Рассматриваются технологические основы ВФУЗ, подробно анализируются преимущества и недостатки метода в сравнении с другими методами современной функциональной нейрохирургии, обобщаются первые результаты применения ВФУЗ в ведущих клиниках мира. Отмечается, что для более взвешенного анализа возможностей ВФУЗ, а также для оценки долговременных эффектов проводимых вмешательств и места данной технологии в алгоритмах лечения различных заболеваний нервной системы требуется дальнейшее накопления опыта.

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