Annals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyAnnals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyАнналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии2075-54732409-2533Eco-Vector25410.17816/psaic254TechnologiesТехнологииUnknownMirror visual feedback – mirror therapy in neurorehabilitationЗрительная обратная связь – зеркальная терапия в нейрореабилитацииNazarovaM. A.НазароваM. A.
Russian Federation
chantante@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-0392PiradovMichail A.ПирадовМихаил Александрович
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director

академик РАН, профессор, д.м.н., директор

chantante@gmail.comChernikovaLyudmila A.ЧерниковаЛюдмила Александровна
Russian Federation
chantante@gmail.comResearch Center of NeurologyФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»Reseach Center of NeurologyФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»1012201264364102022017Copyright ©; 2012, Nazarova M.A., Piradov M.A., Chernikova L.A.Copyright ©; 2012, Nazarova M.A., Piradov M.A., Chernikova L.A.2012Nazarova M.A., Piradov M.A., Chernikova L.A.Nazarova M.A., Piradov M.A., Chernikova L.A.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/254

Mirror is a well-established tool in the movement rehabilitation, providing real-time visual feedback to assist in the retraining. However, mirror visual feedback may be used also in therapy in its own right. The “mirror therapy” (MT) is a method based on creating artificial visual feedback. MT was proposed for treating pain syndrome, such as phantom pain and complex regional pain syndrome of type 1 and 2, as well as for motor rehabilitation in stroke patients with hemiparesis and in patients after arm surgery. The main principle of MT is thought to be restoration of damaged feedback from ill/amputated limb. One of possible mechanisms of MT is activation of “mirror neurons”, acting both during execution and observation of action. Clear advantages of MT are its simplicity, availability and, most importantly, its patient-directed character.

Зеркало – важный элемент двигательного обучения и двигательной реабилитации, создающий биологическую визуальную обратную связь во время занятий. Однако зеркальная обратная связь может быть использована и как самостоятельный метод лечения. Зеркальная терапия (ЗТ) – метод, основанный на создании искусственной визуальной обратной связи. ЗТ используется для лечения болевых синдромов, таких как фантомные боли и комплексный региональный болевой синдром 1 и 2 типов, а также двигательной реабилитации больных с гемипарезом после инсульта и после хирургических вмешательств на верхней конечности. Считается, что основным принципом действия ЗТ является восстановление нарушенной обратной афферентации от пораженной/утраченной конечности. В качестве механизмов действия ЗТ в литературе наиболее часто обсуждается роль «зеркальных нейронов», объединяющих в мозге процессы выполнения и восприятия действия. Очевидные плюсы метода ЗТ заключаются в простоте использования, доступности и, что особенно важно, в ориентированности на конкретного пациента.

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