Annals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyAnnals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyАнналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии2075-54732409-2533Eco-Vector40410.17816/psaic404TechnologiesТехнологииUnknownPerspectives of nanotechnologies in clinical neurologyПерспективы применения нанотехнологий в клинической неврологииSeifullaR. D.СейфуллаР. Д.
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comSuslinaZ. A.СуслинаЗинаида Александровна
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comKulykovaE. V.КуликоваE. В.
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comKimE. K.КимE. K.
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comTimofeevA. B.ТимофеевA. Б.
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-6282IllarioshkinSergey N.ИллариошкинСергей Николаевич
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director, Head, Department for brain research

д.м.н., проф., член-корр. РАН, зам. директора по научной работе, рук. отдела исследований мозга

snillario@gmail.comRozhkovaE. A.РожковаE. A.
Russian Federation
snillario@gmail.comResearch Center of NeurologyФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»Research Centre of NeurologyФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»1406200822354407022017Copyright ©; 2008, Seifulla R.D., Suslina Z.A., Kulykova E.V., Kim E.K., Timofeev A.B., Illarioshkin S.N., Rozhkova E.A.Copyright ©; 2008, Seifulla R.D., Suslina Z.A., Kulykova E.V., Kim E.K., Timofeev A.B., Illarioshkin S.N., Rozhkova E.A.2008Seifulla R.D., Suslina Z.A., Kulykova E.V., Kim E.K., Timofeev A.B., Illarioshkin S.N., Rozhkova E.A.Seifulla R.D., Suslina Z.A., Kulykova E.V., Kim E.K., Timofeev A.B., Illarioshkin S.N., Rozhkova E.A.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/404

Nanotechnologies is a new and rapidly developing field of science and engineering related to targeted manipulation of objects sized within the nano-diapason (10–9–10–12 m); this means principally new characteristics and qualities of the respective systems to be constructed. In the paper, problems of nanotechnology applications in clinical neurology are considered, namely, possibilities and prospects of the use, in diagnostic and medicinal purposes, of biochips, nanosensors, bioreactors, immunonanoparticles, biodegradable polymers, convectionenhanced drug delivery, etc. in various diseases of the nervous system. Special attention is paid to the development of pharmacotherapeutic applications, including drug transport systems and targeted nanotherapy, which outlines modern nanomedicine. Different medicinal nanoformulations are discussed, including polymeric nanoparticles, fullerenes, dendrimers, liposomes, nanotubes, etc. The authors’ experience in the study of stable glycosphyngolipid nanotubes and nanoliposomes as the drug delivery system is presented. For this purpose, the model of skin vasomotor reaction stimulation by cutaneous nitroglycerin application was used: the effect of nitroglycerin was shown to rise 1.5 times with nanotubes as carriers, and 2.5 times with nanoliposomes.

Нанотехнологии – новая и бурно развивающаяся область науки и инженерии, относящаяся к целенаправленному манипулированию объектами, размеры которых находятся в области нанодиапазона (10–9–10–12 м); это предполагает появление у соответствующих конструируемых систем принципиально новых свойств. В статье подробно рассматриваются проблемы применения нанотехнологий в клинической неврологии, в частности, возможности и перспективы использования в диагностических и лечебных целях биочипов, наносенсоров, биореакторов, иммунонаночастиц, биоусвояемых полимеров, нанопереносчиков лекарственных препаратов и т.д. при заболеваниях нервной системы. Особое внимание уделено развитию фармакотерапевтических приложений, включая системы транспортировки лекарств и «точечную» нанотерапию, что определяет контуры современной наномедицины. Обсуждаются различные лекарственные наноформы, включая полимерные наночастицы, фуллерены, дендримеры, липосомы, нанотрубки и др. Представлен собственный опыт авторов в области исследования стабильных гликосфинголипидных нанотрубок и нанолипосом в качестве переносчиков лекарств. Для этого использовали модель стимуляции вазомоторной активности кожи с помощью накожных аппликаций раствора нитроглицерина: эффективность нитроглицерина возрастала в 1,5 раза, если в качестве переносчика применяли нанотрубки, и в 2,5 раза при использовании нанолипосом.

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