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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">472</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ACEN.2017.2.4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The use of mesenchymal stem cells in optic nerve atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение мезенхимальных стволовых клеток при атрофии зрительных нервов у больных рассеянным склерозом: пилотное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bisaga</surname><given-names>Gennadiy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бисага</surname><given-names>Геннадий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>Anzhelika V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Анжелика В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaeva</surname><given-names>Galina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаева</surname><given-names>Галина Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>Igor' Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Игорь Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novitsky</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новицкий</surname><given-names>Андрей В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-3011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinenko</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвиненко</surname><given-names>Игорь Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of nervous diseases, Chief neurologist of the Russian Ministry of Defense</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, начальник каф. нервных болезней, главный невролог Минобороны России</p></bio><email>bisaga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital no. 122, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">122-я клиническая больница ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-08-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-08-04"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Bisaga G.N., Kovalenko A.V., Isaeva G.E., Kovalenko I.Y., Novitsky A.V., Litvinenko I.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Bisaga G.N., Kovalenko A.V., Isaeva G.E., Kovalenko I.Y., Novitsky A.V., Litvinenko I.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bisaga G.N., Kovalenko A.V., Isaeva G.E., Kovalenko I.Y., Novitsky A.V., Litvinenko I.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Bisaga G.N., Kovalenko A.V., Isaeva G.E., Kovalenko I.Y., Novitsky A.V., Litvinenko I.V.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/472">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/472</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Cellular therapy of multiple sclerosis is currently considered to be one of the most promising treatment alternatives for this severe pathology of the nervous system.</p> <p><bold>Materials and Methods. </bold>Two patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) complicated by partial optic nerve atrophy (ONA) caused by bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis received treatment using autologous multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs were derived by bone marrow aspiration/biopsy followed by isolation, culturing, and cryostorage. MSCs were administered in compliance with the developed protocol by short-term intravenous infusion of resuspension solution of 5% glucose supplemented with 10% autoserum at a dose of 2.0×10<sup>6</sup>/kg body weight in combination with local parabulbar administration of MSCs at a dose of 10×10<sup>6</sup> once per month during 4 months. The control group consisted of 2 patients of the same age with RRMS with partial ONA of the same severity who received background (metabolic and glucocorticoid) therapy.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>Neurological and neuro-ophthalmological examination was carried out before and 6 months after treatment. The pilot study performed demonstrated that the elaborated protocol for MSC therapy is safe and, according to the preliminary data, therapy was characterized by moderate clinical effectiveness in incurable patients with RRMS and ONA.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The findings make it possible to broaden the range of clinical studies focused on cellular therapy for multiple sclerosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Клеточная терапия рассеянного склероза рассматривается в настоящее время как один из наиболее перспективных вариантов лечения при данном тяжелом заболевании нервной системы. Материалы и методы. Двум пациентам с рецидивирующе-ремитирующим рассеянным склерозом (РРРС), осложненным частичной атрофией зрительных нервов (АЗН) вследствие двустороннего ретробульбарного неврита, проведено лечение c использованием аутологичных мультипотентных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (МСК). МСК были получены при помощи аспирационной биопсии костного мозга с последующим их выделением, культивированием и криохранением. Введение МСК проводили в соответствии с разработанным протоколом путем короткой внутривенной инфузии в ресуспендирующем растворе 5% глюкозы с добавлением 10% аутосыворотки в количестве 2,0×106/кг массы тела в сочетании с локальным парабульбарным введением МСК в количестве 10×106 1 раз в месяц в течение 4 месяцев. Контрольную группу составили 2 пациента с РРРС c частичной АЗН, имевшие такие же возраст и тяжесть заболевания, которые получали стандартную терапию (метаболическую и глюкокортикоидную). Результаты. Неврологическое и нейроофтальмологическое обследование проведено до и спустя 6 месяцев после лечения. В проведенном пилотном исследовании установлена безопасность разработанного протокола лечения МСК и, согласно предварительным данным, умеренная клиническая эффективность терапии у некурабельных больных с РРРС с АЗН.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>optic nerve</kwd><kwd>atrophy</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd><kwd>demyelination</kwd><kwd>degeneration</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>зрительный нерв</kwd><kwd>атрофия</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd><kwd>демиелинизация</kwd><kwd>дегенерация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bisaga G.N., Gaykova O.N., Onishchenko L.S. et al. Rasseyannyy skleroz: ot morfologii k patogenezu. [Multiple sclerosis: from morphology to pathogene-sis]. Saint-Petersburg. 2015. 104 p. 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