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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">475</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ACEN.2017.2.6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Alterations in the somatodendritic structure of spiny neurons in human putamen during physiological aging</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменения соматодендритной структуры шипиковых нейронов скорлупы человека при физиологическом старении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Михаил Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>putamen@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutukova</surname><given-names>Kristina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутукова</surname><given-names>Кристина А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>putamen@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnaya</surname><given-names>Larisa A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережная</surname><given-names>Лариса А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>putamen@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-08-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-08-06"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Ivanov M.V., Kutukova K.A., Berezhnaya L.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Ivanov M.V., Kutukova K.A., Berezhnaya L.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov M.V., Kutukova K.A., Berezhnaya L.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ivanov M.V., Kutukova K.A., Berezhnaya L.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/475">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/475</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The striatum is involved in regulation of cognitive functions and behavior, including planning motor behavior, decision making, motivation, and rewarding. The human striatum contains the putamen, in whose medium spiny neurons certain qualitative and quantitative alterations in somatodendritic structure occur with aging.</p> <p>Materials and methods. The morphometric parameters of spiny neurons in the striatum of humans (females) during the second maturity period and senility were investigated. The Golgi silver impregnation method was used as the staining technique. The following parameters were assessed: the area of neuronal body, the number of dendrites, the number of free ends of all dendrites, the largest dendritic field radius, the total length of all dendrites, the dendritic field area, and the specific density of dendrites.</p> <p>Results. It was demonstrated that in terms of soma size, the number of dendrites, the number of free ends of dendrites, and specific density of dendrites, there are negligible differences in spiny neurons in the putamen in humans of both ages in the samples under study. The parameters of the largest dendritic field radius, the total length of all dendrites and the dendritic field area for the senile individuals were significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than for the mature ones by 11, 13, and 15%, respectively. The total number of spines per 100 µm of dendrite in senile individuals was lower by 18% compared to that in women during the second period of maturity. The features of distribution of spines of different types over the putamen neurons in mature and senile individuals show the role played by mushroom-like spines in preservation and maintenance of synaptic connections required to ensure the elementary functions of putamen neurons.</p> <p>Conclusions. Hence, we have demonstrated reduction in dendrite length and density of dendrite spines upon aging in women. The results broaden the views about the nature of plastic alterations that take place in cerebral neurons in humans upon aging.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Полосатое тело вовлечено в регуляцию когнитивных функций и поведения, включая планирование моторного поведения, произведение решений, мотивацию и награду. В состав полосатого тела человека входит скорлупа, средние шипиковые нейроны которой претерпевают определенные качественные и количественные изменения соматодендритной структуры при старении. </p> <p>Материалы и методы. В работе были исследованы морфометрические параметры шипиковых нейронов в скорлупе человека (женщин) второго периода зрелого возраста и старческого возраста. В качестве методики окраски применена импрегнация серебром по Гольджи. Оценивались следующие параметры: площадь тела нейрона, число дендритов, число свободных концов всех дендритов, наибольший радиус дендритного поля, общая длина всех дендритов, площадь дендритного поля, удельная плотность дендритов. </p> <p>Результаты. Было показано, что по размеру сомы, числу дендритов, числу свободных концов дендритов и удельной плотности дендритов шипиковые нейроны в скорлупе человека обоих возрастов в исследованных выборках различаются незначительно. Показатели же наибольшего радиуса дендритного поля, общей длины всех дендритов и площади дендритного поля в старческом возрасте были статистически значимо ниже (p&lt;0,05), чем в зрелом, на 11%, 13% и 15%, соответственно. Общее количество шипиков на 100 мкм дендрита в старческом возрасте было на 18% меньше по сравнению со II периодом зрелого возраста. Особенности распределения шипиков разных видов на нейронах скорлупы человека зрелого и старческого возраста показывает роль грибовидных шипиков в сохранении и поддержании синаптических связей, необходимых для обеспечения элементарных функций нейронов скорлупы. </p> <p>Заключение. Таким образом, нами было показано уменьшение длины дендритов и снижение плотности дендритных шипиков при старении у женщин. Полученные данные расширяют представление о характере пластических изменений нейронов головного мозга при старении человека</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>putamen</kwd><kwd>neurons</kwd><kwd>dendrites</kwd><kwd>dendritic spines</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мозг</kwd><kwd>скорлупа</kwd><kwd>нейроны</kwd><kwd>дендриты</kwd><kwd>дендритные шипики</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ashby F.G., Turner B.O., Horvitz J.C. Cortical and basal ganglia contributions to habit learning and automaticity. Trends Cg Sci. 2010; 14(5): 208-215. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2010.02.001 PMID: 20207189</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Mizumori S., Puryear C.B., Martiga A.K. Basal ganglia contributions to adaptive navigation. 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