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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">512</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2018.1.6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Carnosine restores the activation of signaling cascades and the ratio of apoptosis-regulating proteins in the penumbra zone after a permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Карнозин восстанавливает активацию сигнальных каскадов и соотношение белков-регуляторов апоптоза в приочаговой зоне при необратимой фокальной ишемии мозга у крыс</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopacheva</surname><given-names>Olga M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопачева</surname><given-names>Ольга Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopachev</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопачев</surname><given-names>Александр В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulichenkova</surname><given-names>Kseniya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куличенкова</surname><given-names>Ксения Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Devyatov</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девятов</surname><given-names>Александр А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnoy</surname><given-names>Daniil S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережной</surname><given-names>Даниил С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stvolinsky</surname><given-names>Sergey L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стволинский</surname><given-names>Сергей Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>Ольга И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Светлана А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Mariya P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Мария П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga3511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-03-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-03-27"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Lopacheva O.M., Lopachev A.V., Kulichenkova K.N., Devyatov A.A., Berezhnoy D.S., Stvolinsky S.L., Kulikova O.I., Gavrilova S.A., Morozova M.P., Fedorova T.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Lopacheva O.M., Lopachev A.V., Kulichenkova K.N., Devyatov A.A., Berezhnoy D.S., Stvolinsky S.L., Kulikova O.I., Gavrilova S.A., Morozova M.P., Fedorova T.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lopacheva O.M., Lopachev A.V., Kulichenkova K.N., Devyatov A.A., Berezhnoy D.S., Stvolinsky S.L., Kulikova O.I., Gavrilova S.A., Morozova M.P., Fedorova T.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Lopacheva O.M., Lopachev A.V., Kulichenkova K.N., Devyatov A.A., Berezhnoy D.S., Stvolinsky S.L., Kulikova O.I., Gavrilova S.A., Morozova M.P., Fedorova T.N.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/512">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/512</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Abstract</bold></p> <p><bold><italic>Introduction.</italic></bold> Ischemic stroke is one of the most common and socially significant diseases, and its pathogenesis is associated with oxidative stress. The study of mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of the natural antioxidant carnosine is promising in the context of carnosine-based drug development.</p> <p><bold><italic>Objective.</italic></bold> To study the effect of carnosine on the level of apoptosis-regulating proteins of the Bcl-2 family and the level of activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and MAP kinases ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in the rat brain after a 24-hour permanent focal cerebral ischemia.</p> <p><bold><italic>Materials and methods.</italic></bold> In the model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia caused by the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in Wistar rats, we assessed, using Western blotting, the level of expression of Bcl-2 family proteins and the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in the penumbra zone of the cortex in the ischemic hemisphere and in the symmetrical region of the contralateral hemisphere, as well as in similar areas of the brain of intact animals. Carnosine was administered to animals intraperitoneally at doses of 50 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight in the postischemic period.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> In permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats, the amount of Bax and, to a lesser extent, of Bcl-2 increased in the penumbra zone shifting the Bcl-2/Bax ratio towards the pro-apoptotic signal; a decreased Akt activation and an increased ERK1/2 activation was observed. The administration of carnosine rescued the activation of Akt and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio but did not affect an increased activation of ERK1/2. No significant changes in the level of Bak, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w, and no activation of p38 and JNK were observed in the penumbra zone.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Резюме</bold></p> <p><bold><italic>Введение. </italic></bold>Ишемический инсульт – одно из самых распространенных и социально-значимых заболеваний, в патогенезе которого важная роль отводится окислительному стрессу. Изучение механизмов нейропротекторного действия природного антиоксиданта карнозина представляется перспективным для разработки лекарственных препаратов на его основе.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель исследования.</italic></bold> Изучение влияния карнозина на уровень белков-регуляторов апоптоза семейства Bcl-2 и уровень активации протеинкиназы B (Akt) и MAP киназ ERK1/2, p38 и JNK в мозге крыс, перенесших 24-часовую необратимую фокальную ишемию мозга.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> В модели необратимой фокальной ишемии головного мозга, вызванной окклюзией средней мозговой артерии, у крыс линии Wistar методом вестерн-блоттинг оценивали уровень экспрессии белков семейства Bcl-2 и фосфорилирования киназ Akt, ERK1/2, p38 и JNK в приочаговой зоне коры ишемизированного полушария и симметричного участка контралатерального полушария, а также аналогичных участков мозга интактных животных. Карнозин вводили животным внутрибрюшинно в дозах 50 мг/кг и 500 мг/кг массы тела в постишемическом периоде.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> При необратимой фокальной ишемии головного мозга у крыс в приочаговой зоне повышалось количество Bax и, в меньшей степени, Bcl-2, смещая соотношение Bcl-2/Bax в сторону проапоптотического сигнала, а также наблюдалось снижение активации Akt и рост активации ERK1/2. Введение карнозина восстанавливало уровень активации Akt и соотношение Bcl-2/Bax, однако не влияло на повышенную активацию ERK1/2. Существенных изменений уровня белков Bak, Bcl-xL и Bcl-w и активации киназ p38 и JNK в приочаговой зоне не было обнаружено.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Нейропротекторное действие карнозина в условиях необратимой фокальной ишемии головного мозга у крыс сопровождается восстановлением активации Akt и соотношения Bcl-2/Bax в приочаговой зоне до уровня, наблюдаемого у интактных животных, что препятствует развитию апоптоза.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carnosine</kwd><kwd>permanent focal cerebral ischemia</kwd><kwd>ischemic penumbra</kwd><kwd>Bcl-2 family</kwd><kwd>Akt</kwd><kwd>MAP kinases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карнозин</kwd><kwd>необратимая фокальная ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>приочаговая зона</kwd><kwd>семейство Bcl-2</kwd><kwd>Akt</kwd><kwd>MAP киназы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piradov M.A., Tanashyan M.M., Domashenko M.A. et al. 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