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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">602</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2019.3.4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Experimental parkinsonism in modeling striatal astrocyte damage</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспериментальный паркинсонизм при моделировании повреждения астроцитов стриатума</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stavrovskaya</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ставровская</surname><given-names>Алла Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>Dmitry N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ol’shansky</surname><given-names>Artyem S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанский</surname><given-names>Артем Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gushchina</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гущина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yamshchikova</surname><given-names>Nina G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ямщикова</surname><given-names>Нина Гавриловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-08-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-09-01"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Ol’shansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Yamshchikova N.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Ol’shansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Yamshchikova N.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Ol’shansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Yamshchikova N.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Ol’shansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Yamshchikova N.G.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/602">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/602</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Astrocyte dysfunction is typical for many CNS pathologies, yet few experimental models of selective astrocyte damage, which would enable a fuller understanding of the role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, exist.</p> <p><bold>Study</bold> <bold>aim </bold>— to characterize the morphological brain changes with the administration of α-aminoadipic acid (L-AA), a glial toxin, into the rat striatum and to assess the effect of astrocyte dysfunction on motor activity in animals.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Astrocyte damage was achieved by administering L-AA (100 μg in 5 μl) into the rats’ right striatum; the same volume of phosphate-buffered saline was injected into the left hemisphere as a control. On the third day after L-AA administration, motor impairment was assessed with normal and reduced dopaminergic neurotransmission; the latter was achieved with administration of the α-methyl-p-tyrosine, a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. The immunohistochemical studies included assays for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), and tyrosine hydroxylase.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> When dopamine synthesis was inhibited, damage to the striatal astrocytes, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, caused a reduction in motor activity in the open field test and an increase in the number of errors in the beam walking test. When dopaminergic transmission was reduced through the inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase by α-methyl-p-tyrosine, the motor disturbances caused by astrocyte damage sustained and worsened.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The obtained data indicate the regulatory role of astroglia in the nigrostriatal system and emphasize the possible contribution of glial dysfunction to the motor disturbances in Parkinson’s disease.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Нарушение функции астроцитов характерно для многих патологий ЦНС, при этом экспериментальные модели избирательного повреждения астроцитов, позволяющие более полно оценить роль последних в патогенезе нейродегенеративных заболеваний, немногочисленны.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> исследования — охарактеризовать морфологические изменения в головном мозге при введении глиального токсина — α-аминоадипиновой кислоты (L-AA) в стриатум (полосатое тело) крыс и оценить влияние дисфункции астроцитов на двигательную активность животных.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Повреждение астроцитов осуществляли путем введения L-АА (100 мкг в 5 мкл) в стриатум мозга крыс справа; в левое полушарие в качестве контроля вводили фосфатно-солевой буфер в том же объеме. Двигательные нарушения оценивали при нормальной и сниженной после введения ингибитора тирозингидроксилазы α-метил-p-тирозина дофаминергической нейротрансмиссии на 3-и сутки после ведения L-AA. При иммуногистохимическом исследовании выявляли глиофибриллярный белок GFAP, ядерный антиген нейронов NeuN и тирозингидроксилазу.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Повреждение астроцитов стриатума, подтвержденное иммуногистохимическим исследованием, при ингибировании синтеза дофамина вызывало снижение двигательной активности в открытом поле и увеличение количества ошибок в тесте «сужающаяся дорожка». В условиях снижения дофаминергической передачи при ингибировании тирозингидроксилазы нарушения движения, вызванные повреждением астроцитов, сохранялись и усиливались.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные данные указывают на регуляторную роль астроглии в нигростриатной системе и подчеркивают возможный вклад глиальной дисфункции в моторные нарушения при болезни Паркинсона.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>astrocytes</kwd><kwd>α-aminoadipic acid</kwd><kwd>alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine</kwd><kwd>striatum</kwd><kwd>motor activity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>астроциты</kwd><kwd>α-аминоадипиновая кислота</kwd><kwd>альфа-метилтирозин</kwd><kwd>стриатум</kwd><kwd>двигательная активность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Verkhratsky A., Parpura V., Pekna M. et al. Glia in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Soc Trans 2014; 42: 1291–1301. 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