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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">618</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2019.4.6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in the morphofunctional development of the neuronal network in a dissociated cell culture of rat cerebral cortical neurons</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Динамика морфофункционального развития нейронной сети в диссоциированной культуре клеток коры головного мозга крысы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Genrikhs</surname><given-names>Elizaveta E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генрихс</surname><given-names>Елизавета Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>Olga P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>Ольга Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stelmashuk</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стельмашук</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Светлана Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaev</surname><given-names>Nikolay K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаев</surname><given-names>Николай Константинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaspekov</surname><given-names>Leonid G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаспеков</surname><given-names>Леонид Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khaspekleon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ "Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Genrikhs E.E., Aleksandrova O.P., Stelmashuk E.V., Novikova S.V., Voronkov D.N., Isaev N.K., Khaspekov L.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Genrikhs E.E., Aleksandrova O.P., Stelmashuk E.V., Novikova S.V., Voronkov D.N., Isaev N.K., Khaspekov L.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genrikhs E.E., Aleksandrova O.P., Stelmashuk E.V., Novikova S.V., Voronkov D.N., Isaev N.K., Khaspekov L.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Genrikhs E.E., Aleksandrova O.P., Stelmashuk E.V., Novikova S.V., Voronkov D.N., Isaev N.K., Khaspekov L.G.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/618">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/618</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Study of the morphofunctional neuronal development in a dissociated cerebrocortical cell culture, using modern cell technologies, is a priority in experimental neurology, which is required for successful <italic>in vitro</italic> modelling of acute and chronic forms of cerebral pathology.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> A morphofunctional study of the <italic>in vitro</italic> changes in neuronal differentiation of rat cerebral cortical neurons, using a range of analysis methods, including immunohistochemistry, fluorescence, and electrophysiology.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We investigated the degree of culture differentiation on day 3–4 and day 10–11 of <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation, measured by the intensity of the PSA-NCAM protein expression and the level of neuronal glutamate-induced calcium overload. That was then compared with the functional activity of the neuronal network cultivated on a microelectrode array, and with changes of the neuronal network’s activity in response to glutamate receptor overstimulation.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>A significant glutamate-induced increase of the intracellular calcium concentration was typical for mature neurons (day 10–11 of cultivation), along with a lack of PSA-NCAM paranuclear accumulation, which was only found in immature cells (day 3–4 of cultivation). There was a glutamate suppression of the neuronal network burst activity, formed <italic>in vitro</italic> by day 10–11, with had no effect on the generation of single action potentials. At the same time, kainate, the exogenous selective agonist of the one of the glutamate subtypes, completely blocked spontaneous activity of the mature neurons.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Neocortical rat neurons reach the differentiation level necessary for the modelling of the cerebral pathologies by day 10–11 of <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation. At this point, the process of disruption of the microelectrode array cultivated neuronal network by the glutamate receptor overactivation, has become multilayered: excitotoxic glutamate-induced damage produces selective disruption of neuronal burst activity, and with the greater cytotoxicity caused by kainate, spontaneous bioelectrical activity is completely blocked.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследование морфофункционального развития нейронов в диссоциированной культуре клеток головного мозга с использованием современных клеточных технологий является актуальной задачей экспериментальной неврологии, решение которой необходимо для успешного моделирования <italic>in </italic><italic>vitro</italic> острых и хронических форм церебральной патологии.</p> <p><bold>Цель работы</bold> — морфофункциональное исследование <italic>in vitro</italic> динамики дифференцировки нейронов коры головного мозга крыс с использованием комплекса методов иммуноцитохимического, флюоресцентного и электрофизиологического анализа.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследована степень дифференцировки культур на 3–4-е и 10–11-е сутки культивирования <italic>in </italic><italic>vitro</italic>, определяемая по интенсивности экспрессии белка PSA-NCAM и уровню кальциевой перегрузки нейронов под влиянием глутамата, в сопоставлении с показателями функциональной активности нейронной сети, культивированной на мультиэлектродной матрице, и их изменениями при гиперстимуляции глутаматных рецепторов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Для зрелых нейронов (10–11 сут культивирования) характерны значительное повышение концентрации внутриклеточного кальция, вызываемое глутаматом, отсутствие в них околоядерных скоплений PSA-NCAM, обнаруживаемых лишь в незрелых клетках (3–4 сут культивирования), торможение глутаматом пачечной активности нейронной сети, сформированной к 10–11-м суткам <italic>in </italic><italic>vitro</italic>, при отсутствии его влияния на генерацию одиночных потенциалов действия. В то же время экзогенный селективный агонист одного из подтипов глутаматных рецепторов — каинат полностью блокировал спонтанную активность зрелых нейронов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> К 10–11-м суткам культивирования <italic>in </italic><italic>vitro</italic> нейроны новой коры крыс достигают уровня дифференцировки, необходимого для моделирования церебральных патологических состояний. К этому сроку процесс нарушения функционирования нейронной сети, сформированной на мультиэлектродной матрице, при гиперактивации глутаматных рецепторов носит многоуровневый характер: при эксайтотоксическом повреждении под влиянием глутамата избирательно нарушается пачечная активность нейронов, а при более выраженной цитотоксичности, вызываемой каинатом, спонтанная биоэлектрическая активность блокируется полностью.</p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cultivated neurons</kwd><kwd>PSA-NCAM protein</kwd><kwd>glutamate receptors</kwd><kwd>intracellular calcium concentration</kwd><kwd>multielectrode system</kwd><kwd>spontaneous bioelectrical activity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>культивированные нейроны</kwd><kwd>белок PSA-NCAM</kwd><kwd>глутаматные рецепторы</kwd><kwd>внутриклеточная концентрация кальция</kwd><kwd>мультиэлектродная система</kwd><kwd>спонтанная биоэлектрическая активность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1.	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