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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">622</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2019.4.10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Technologies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">New MRI diagnostic methods in Parkinson's disease: evaluating nigral degeneration</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Новые МРТ-методики в диагностике болезни Паркинсона: оценка нигральной дегенерации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarioshkin</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иллариошкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ekfedotova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>Rodion N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Родион Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ekfedotova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ekfedotova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskalenko</surname><given-names>Anna N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москаленко</surname><given-names>Анна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ekfedotova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Illarioshkin S.N., Konovalov R.N., Fedotova E.Y., Moskalenko A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Illarioshkin S.N., Konovalov R.N., Fedotova E.Y., Moskalenko A.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Illarioshkin S.N., Konovalov R.N., Fedotova E.Y., Moskalenko A.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Illarioshkin S.N., Konovalov R.N., Fedotova E.Y., Moskalenko A.N.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/622">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/622</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia</p> <p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a characteristic pathological hallmark of loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of the substantia nigra in the midbrain. Despite the significant progress made in learning about this disease, early diagnosis continues to be a complex clinical issue. Currently, many studies are focused on finding and implementing meaningful markers which are valid for the early PD diagnosis. One of the most promising areas in that field is investigation of specific changes in the substantia nigra, found when examining the nigrosomes (specific clusters of the dopaminergic neurons) and neuromelanin, using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p> <p>This article presents the current understanding of the structural and functional organization of the substantia nigra, and examines in detail the new informative MRI-markers of neurodegeneration in PD: the loss of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity (disappearance of the nigrosome-1) and a reduction in the intensity/area of the magnetic resonance signal from the substantia nigra when imaging the neuromelanin. We present our own experience of using the abovementioned technologies to diagnose PD, by analysing susceptibility-weighted images and images taken in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI mode.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Болезнь Паркинсона (БП) — прогрессирующее нейродегенеративное заболевание, основным патоморфологическим субстратом которого является потеря дофаминергических нейронов в компактной части черной субстанции среднего мозга. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в изучении данного заболевания, его ранняя диагностика представляет собой непростую клиническую проблему. В настоящее время большое количество исследований посвящено поиску и внедрению информативных маркеров для ранней верификации диагноза. Одним из наиболее перспективных направлений диагностики БП является изучение специфических паттернов изменения черной субстанции, выявляемых при визуализации нигросом (специфических кластеров дофаминергических нейронов) и нейромеланина с помощью высокопольной магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ).</p> <p>В статье рассмотрены современные представления о структурно-функциональной организации черной субстанции и новые информативные МРТ-маркеры нейродегенерации при БП: потеря дорсолатеральной нигральной гиперинтенсивности (исчезновение нигросомы-1) и уменьшение интенсивности/площади магнитно-резонансного сигнала от черной субстанции при визуализации нейромеланина. Приводится собственный опыт использования указанных технологий с целью диагностики БП, полученный при анализе изображений, взвешенных по магнитной восприимчивости, и изображений в режиме нейромеланин-чувствительной МРТ.</p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson's disease</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>neuroimaging</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>substantia nigra</kwd><kwd>nigrosome</kwd><kwd>neuromelanin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>нейровизуализация</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>черная субстанция</kwd><kwd>нигросома</kwd><kwd>нейромеланин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pringsheim T., Jette N., Frolkis A., Steeves T.D. The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord 2014; 29: 1583–1590. DOI: 10.1002/mds.25945. 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