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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">635</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2020.1.4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The assessment of cerebral white matter microstructure in cerebral small vessel disease based on the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка микроструктуры белого вещества головного мозга по данным диффузионной магнитно-резонансной томографии при церебральной микроангиопатии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kremneva</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кремнева</surname><given-names>Елена Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kremneva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximov</surname><given-names>Ivan I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>Иван Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="NO">Norway</country></address><email>kremneva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9929-2725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrynina</surname><given-names>Larisa A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добрынина</surname><given-names>Лариса Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Head, 3<sup>rd</sup> Neurology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., г.н.с., рук. 3-го неврологического отделения</p></bio><email>kremneva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-4554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotenkova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротенкова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Head, Neuroradiology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., рук. отд. лучевой диагностики</p></bio><email>kremneva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Oslo</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Осло</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-03-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Kremneva E.I., Maximov I.I., Dobrynina L.A., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Kremneva E.I., Maximov I.I., Dobrynina L.A., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kremneva E.I., Maximov I.I., Dobrynina L.A., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kremneva E.I., Maximov I.I., Dobrynina L.A., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/635">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/635</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Multidimensional or biophysical modelling approaches are actively used to examine the complex microstructure of brain matter in diffusion-weighted MRI, where tissue structures are schematically simplified and divided into separate regions to calculate the diffusion values. This approach demonstrates greater specificity when compared with the widely used diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) and its metrics.</p> <p>The <bold>aim</bold> of the study was to compare DT-MRI and the biophysical diffusion models, and to evaluate their possible use in a more precise studying of the affected white matter in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>We examined 96 patients (including 65 women; mean age 61.0±6.6 years) with CSVD and 23 healthy volunteers, comparable in age and gender (including 15 women; mean age 58±6 years). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of white matter disease as measured using the Fazekas scale. All study subjects underwent a brain MRI (3 T) with diffusion-weighted MRI (b = 0, 1000 and 2500 sec/mm<sup>2</sup>, 64 gradient directions) followed by the data processing; we obtained DT-MRI metric maps, as well as white matter tract integrity model and model using the spherical mean technique.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Significant differences were found between the study groups (except groups F0 and F1) in all metrics when the overall value of the white matter skeleton was examined (<italic>p</italic> £ 0.05): there was a decrease in tissue anisotropy and axonal density in the white matter, as well as increased intra- and extra-axonal coefficients with more severe white matter disease. Analysis of individual white matter regions showed that the radial diffusion values had greater intergroup differences than the axial diffusion values in the corpus callosum (particularly, in the body and splenium).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Biophysical models allow us to evaluate white matter disease in patients with CSVD using structural tissue features and indirect measures of intra- and extracellular diffusion. To clarify and increase the statistical significance of the obtained results, it is necessary to analyse the diffusion metrics using data from a larger patient sample.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Для учета сложной микроструктуры вещества головного мозга в диффузионной МРТ активно используются подходы мультипространственного или биофизического моделирования — схематического упрощения структуры тканей с разделением ее на несколько пространств и расчетом показателей диффузии. Данный подход демонстрирует большую специфичность по сравнению с широко применяемой диффузионно-тензорной МРТ (ДТ-МРТ) и ее метриками.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>исследования — сопоставление ДТ-МРТ и биофизических диффузионных моделей с оценкой возможного их применения для более детального исследования поражения белого вещества при церебральной микроангиопатии (ЦМА).</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Обследовано 96 пациентов (из них 65 женщин; средний возраст 61,0±6,6 года) с ЦМА и 23 здоровых добровольца, сопоставимых по возрасту и полу (из них 15 женщин; средний возраст 58±6 лет). Пациенты разделялись на 3 группы по степени тяжести поражения белого вещества по шкале Fazekas. Всем обследуемым проводилась МРТ головного мозга (3 T) с диффузионной МРТ (b=0, 1000 и 2500 c/мм<sup>2</sup>, 64 градиентных направления) с последующей обработкой данных и получением карт метрик ДТ-МРТ, а также модели целостности трактов белого вещества и модели с использованием техники сферического усреднения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При исследовании общего значения скелетона белого вещества головного мозга выявлены достоверные различия между группами обследуемых (кроме групп F0 и F1) для всех метрик (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0,05): снижение анизотропии тканей и плотности аксонов в белом веществе, а также повышение внутри- и внеаксональных коэффициентов по мере прогрессирования поражения белого вещества. При анализе отдельных регионов белого вещества показатели радиальной диффузии отличались большим числом межгрупповых отличий в мозолистом теле (особенно в его корпусе и валике), чем показатели аксиальной диффузии.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Биофизические модели позволяют оценивать поражение белого вещества у пациентов с ЦМА, используя структурные особенности тканей и косвенные показатели внутри- и внеклеточной диффузии. Для уточнения и повышения статистической значимости найденных результатов необходимо провести анализ диффузионных метрик с учетом клинических данных на большей выборке пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diffusion-weighted MRI</kwd><kwd>white matter</kwd><kwd>biophysical models</kwd><kwd>cerebral small vessel disease</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диффузионная магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>белое вещество</kwd><kwd>биофизические модели</kwd><kwd>церебральная микроангиопатия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Brown R. XXVII. A brief account of microscopical observations made in the months of June, July and August 1827, on the particles contained in the pollen of plants; and on the general existence of active molecules in organic and inorganic bodies. 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