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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2020.2.4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Surgical Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Combined with Tumors of the Cerebellopontine Angle</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургическое лечение тригеминальной невралгии, сочетающейся с опухолями мостомозжечкового угла</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryan</surname><given-names>Georgy Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорян</surname><given-names>Григорий Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>neuro77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dreval</surname><given-names>Оleg N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Древаль</surname><given-names>Олег Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>neuro77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>Natalya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>neuro77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnikov</surname><given-names>Аndrey R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситников</surname><given-names>Андрей Ростиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>neuro77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного последипломного образования»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр “Лечебно-реабилитационный центр"»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Smolensk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Grigoryan G.Y., Dreval О.N., Maslova N.N., Sitnikov А.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Grigoryan G.Y., Dreval О.N., Maslova N.N., Sitnikov А.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryan G.Y., Dreval О.N., Maslova N.N., Sitnikov А.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Grigoryan G.Y., Dreval О.N., Maslova N.N., Sitnikov А.R.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/655">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/655</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold><bold>.</bold> Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) develops because of demyelination in the entry zone of the trigeminal nerve root (TNR) into the brainstem, which is accompanied by ectopic and cross-excitation of the nerve impulses with paroxysms of facial pain. One of the causes of TN are tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), which have a direct or indirect effect on the TNR. The optimal surgical approach in such cases depends on the anatomical relationship between the TNR and the tumor and vascular structures.</p> <p><bold>The aim</bold> of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the anatomical variants of the TNR and the outcomes of using various surgical methods to treat TN in CPA tumors.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We performed a retrospective analysis of 52 patients (38 women and 14 men aged 22–82 years) with TN and ipsilateral tumors of the CPA: 29 with apical petrous meningiomas, 11 with epidermoid tumors, 10 with vestibular schwannomas, 1 with haemangioma, and 1 with cavernoma.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Six variants of the anatomical relationships of the TNR to CPA tumors and the adjacent vascular structures were identified: where the TNR is completely surrounded by the tumor; where the tumor compresses and displaces the TNR; where the tumor is located inside the TNR; where the tumor, together with the blood vessel, compresses the TNR; where the tumor displaces the TNR towards the vessel; and where the tumor is not in contact with the TNR, but the TNR is compressed by the blood vessel. Displacement and deformation of the TNR by CPA tumors was found in 50 patients, and no direct contact between the TNR nerve fibers and the neoplasm was observed in 2 cases. The neurovascular conflict caused by arterial and venous vessels was identified in 16 subjects. The type of a vascular decompression technique depended on the degree of stretching and deformation of the TNR. Postoperative MRI confirmed the complete removal of CPA tumors in 51 patients, while minor epidermoid residue in the contralateral cerebellopontine angle cistern was found in only one subject. There were no fatalities after surgical interventions, and the postsurgical cranial nerve neuropathies were transient and regressed within 2–3 months. In 15 cases, hypoesthesia developed or worsened in the trigeminal nerve innervation zone, then disappeared within several weeks, and was not accompanied by a recurrence of TN. Facial sensitivity improved in 6 cases, who had not previously undergone any surgical manipulations of the TNR and its peripheral branches. Complete regression of TN in the immediate postoperative period was observed in 51 patients. A percutaneous radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomy was performed in 1 subject with an epidermoid tumor, to eliminate the intense pain paroxysms that persisted for a week. No recurrent growth of CPA tumors or relapses of TN were observed during the subsequent follow-up period of 2–10 years.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> TN can be caused by direct compression and deformation of the TNR and brainstem by CPA tumors and vascular structures. A detailed examination of the entire length of the TNR after tumor removal is necessary to evaluate the neurovascular relationships. In cases of vascular compression of the TNR, various methods of microvascular decompression can be used to treat TN.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Тригеминальная невралгия (ТН) развивается вследствие демиелинизации входной зоны корешка тройничного нерва (КТН) в ствол головного мозга, которая сопровождается эктопическим возбуждением и перекрестным распространением нервных импульсов, приступообразной лицевой болью. Одной из причин возникновения ТН являются опухоли мостомозжечкового угла (ММУ), оказывающие прямое или опосредованное воздействие на КТН. Оптимальная хирургическая тактика в таких случаях зависит от анатомических взаимоотношений КТН с опухолями и сосудистыми структурами.</p> <p><bold>Целью</bold> исследования является оценка вариантов анатомических взаимоотношений КТН и результатов применения различных хирургических методик в лечении ТН при опухолях ММУ.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведен ретроспективный анализ 52 пациентов (38 женщин и 14 мужчин в возрасте 22–82 года) с ТН и ипсилатеральными опухолями ММУ: 29 менингиомами верхушки пирамиды височной кости, 11 эпидермоидами, 10 вестибулярными невриномами, 1 гемангиомой и 1 каверномой.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Выявлены 6 вариантов анатомических взаимоотношений КТН с опухолями ММУ и прилежащими васкулярными структурами: КТН полностью окружен опухолью; опухоль сдавливает и смещает КТН; опухоль расположена внутри КТН; опухоль вместе с сосудом сдавливает КТН; опухоль смещает КТН в сторону сосуда; опухоль не контактирует с КТН, КТН сдавлен сосудом. Дислокация и деформация КТН опухолями ММУ обнаружены у 50 больных, а в 2 наблюдениях прямого контакта нервных волокон КТН с новообразованием не было. Нейроваскулярный конфликт, вызванный артериальными и венозными сосудами, обнаружен в 16 наблюдениях. Выбор техники васкулярной декомпрессии зависел от степени растяжения и деформации КТН. Послеоперационная МРТ подтвердила тотальное удаление 51 опухоли ММУ в представленной серии и только в 1 наблюдении обнаружены незначительные остатки эпидермоида в контралатеральной церебеллопонтинной цистерне. Летальных исходов после хирургических вмешательств не было, а возникшие нейропатии краниальных нервов носили преходящий характер и регрессировали спустя 2–3 мес. В 15 наблюдениях отмечено возникновение или нарастание гипестезии в зоне иннервации тройничного нерва, которая исчезала в течение нескольких недель и не сопровождалась рецидивом ТН. В 6 случаях, которые ранее не подвергались хирургическим манипуляциям на КТН и его периферических ветвях, обнаружено улучшение чувствительности на лице. Полный регресс ТН в ближайшем послеоперационном периоде отмечен у 51 пациента. В 1 наблюдении эпидермоидной опухоли для устранения сохраняющихся в течение недели интенсивных пароксизмов боли проведена чрескожная радиочастотная тригеминальная ризотомия. При последующем наблюдении в течение 2–10 лет повторного роста опухолей ММУ и рецидивов ТН не выявлено.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> ТН может вызывать прямая компрессия и деформация КТН и ствола головного мозга опухолями ММУ и сосудистыми структурами. Детальное исследование всей протяженности КТН после удаления опухоли необходимо для оценки нейроваскулярных взаимоотношений. При сосудистой компрессии КТН для лечения ТН могут быть использованы различные методики микроваскулярной декомпрессии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trigeminal neuralgia</kwd><kwd>cerebellopontine angle</kwd><kwd>tumor</kwd><kwd>facial pain</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ригеминальная невралгия</kwd><kwd>мостомозжечковый угол</kwd><kwd>опухоль</kwd><kwd>лицевая боль</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigoryan Yu.A., Ogleznev K.Ya., Roschina N.A. [Etiological factors of trigeminal neuralgia syndrome]. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 1994; (6): 18–22. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Григорян Ю.А., Оглезнев К.Я., Рощина Н.А. Этиологические факторы синдрома тригеминальной невралгии. 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