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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">70</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic70</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The neuroprotective efficacy of carnosine-containing nanoliposomes and S-trolox-carnosine under oxidative stress conditions in vitro and in vivo</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность нейропротекторного действия карнозина в составе нанолипосом и S-тролокс-карнозина в условиях окислительного стресса in vitro и in vivo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stvolinskiy</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сволинский</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>O. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалова</surname><given-names>E. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Levacheva</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левачева</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonova</surname><given-names>O. -</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонова</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakovskiy</surname><given-names>U. -</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баковский</surname><given-names>У.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><email>tnf51@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Philipps-Universitat</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Филиппс Университет, Институт фармацевтической технологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-03-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-01-31"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Fedorova T.N., Stvolinskiy S.L., Kulikova O.I., Konovalova E.V., Levacheva I.S., Samsonova O.-., Bakovskiy U.-.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Fedorova T.N., Stvolinskiy S.L., Kulikova O.I., Konovalova E.V., Levacheva I.S., Samsonova O.-., Bakovskiy U.-.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova T.N., Stvolinskiy S.L., Kulikova O.I., Konovalova E.V., Levacheva I.S., Samsonova O.-., Bakovskiy U.-.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Fedorova T.N., Stvolinskiy S.L., Kulikova O.I., Konovalova E.V., Levacheva I.S., Samsonova O.-., Bakovskiy U.-.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/70">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/70</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We investigated the protective effect of carnosine (carnosine-containing nanoliposomes and newly synthesized S-trolox-carnosine) in experiments in vivo on a model of acute hypobaric hypoxia in rodents and in vitro on neuronal cultures under oxidative stress conditions. We demonstrated the ability of new carnosine compounds to increase resistance of animals to acute hypobaric hypoxia, protecting the brain from oxidative damage. This effect is accompanied by preservation of acquired skills in the Morris water maze test, which is likely related to an increased efficiency of the brain antioxidant system. When oxidative stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide, spermine, acrolein, or cadmium in a suspension of cerebellar granule cells of the SAMP1 mouse line, a primary culture of rat cerebellar neurons, and a culture of neuronally differentiated PC-12 cells, carnosine (carnosine-containing nanoliposomes and S-trolox-carnosine) was able to inhibit generation of reactive oxygen species and reduce death of cells, enhancing the cell viability. The study results demonstrate high antihypoxic and antioxidant activities of the new carnosine compounds and open up prospects for the development and use of carnosine-based drugs in neurology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В экспериментах in vivo на модели острой гипобарической гипоксии у грызунов и в опытах in vitro на нейрональных культурах было исследовано протекторное действие карнозина в составе нанолипосом и нового синтетического соединения S-тролокс-карнозина в условиях окислительного стресса (ОС). Показана способность новых соединений карнозина повышать устойчивость животных к острой гипобарической гипоксии, защищая мозг от окислительного повреждения. Этот эффект сопровождается сохранностью приобретенных навыков в водном лабиринте Морриса, который, по-видимому, обусловлен увеличением эффективности антиоксидантной системы мозга. При индукции ОС пероксидом водорода, спермином, акролеином или кадмием в суспензии гранулярных клеток мозжечка мышей линии SAMP1, первичной культуре нейронов мозжечка крыс и культуре клеток PC-12, дифференцированных по нейрональному типу, выявлена способность карнозина в составе нанолипосом и S-тролокс-карнозина подавлять рост активных форм кислорода и снижать гибель клеток, повышая их жизнеспособность. Результаты исследования демонстрируют высокое антигипоксическое и антиоксидантное действие новых соединений карнозина и открывают перспективы для разработки и применения препаратов на их основе в неврологии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>S-trolox-carnosine</kwd><kwd>carnosine-containing nanoliposomes</kwd><kwd>acute hypobaric hypoxia</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress, neuronal cell cultures</kwd><kwd>antioxidant protection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>S-тролокс-карнозин</kwd><kwd>карнозин в составе нанолипосом</kwd><kwd>острая гипобарическая гипоксия</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>нейрональные клеточные культуры</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантная защита</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Болдырев А.А. Карнозин: новые концепции для функции давно известной молекулы. 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