<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">701</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25692/ACEN.2020.4.8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effects of zolpidem and protons on GABA-induced current in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the presence of penicillin</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение эффектов золпидема и протонов на ГАМК-индуцируемый ток в пирамидных нейронах гиппокампа в присутствии пенициллина</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solntseva</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солнцева</surname><given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>synaptology@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukanova</surname><given-names>Julia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буканова</surname><given-names>Юлия Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>synaptology@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skrebitsky</surname><given-names>Vladimir G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скребицкий</surname><given-names>Владимир Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>synaptology@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Solntseva E.I., Bukanova J.V., Skrebitsky V.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Solntseva E.I., Bukanova J.V., Skrebitsky V.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solntseva E.I., Bukanova J.V., Skrebitsky V.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Solntseva E.I., Bukanova J.V., Skrebitsky V.G.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/701">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/701</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Type A receptors activated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA<sub>A</sub>R) play an inhibitory role in the nervous system due to the generation of chlorine current (<italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub>). Penicillin is a “sequential blocker” of the GABA<sub>A</sub>R open channel, which can inhibit dissociation of the GABA-receptor complex. This GABA site modulation suggests that the effects of competitive GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulators may change in the presence of penicillin.</p> <p>The <bold>aim</bold> of the study was to evaluate the effect of zolpidem, the positive competitive GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulator, and hydrogen ions (protons), the negative competitive GABA<sub>A</sub>R modulator, on <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> in the presence of penicillin.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold><italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> was measured on isolated pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus, using the patch clamp technique and fast application system. GABA, penicillin, and zolpidem were applied to the neuron for 600 msec via a lateral shift pipette. To study the effect of protons on <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub>, the GABA solution in the application pipette was acidified to pH 6.0–7.0.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The application of 1 mmol of penicillin reduced the <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> amplitude to 67 ± 4% of the control value. Zolpidem, with a concentration of 0.5 µmol, increased the <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> amplitude to 167 ± 9% of the control value. When penicillin and zolpidem were co-applied, the stimulating effect of zolpidem was not observed, and the <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> amplitude was 68 ± 4%. Reducing the pH of the GABA solution to 7.0 or 6.0 caused the <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> amplitude to decrease to 80±4 and 35 ± 4%, respectively. The effect of protons on <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> did not change in the presence of penicillin.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> For the first time, it has been shown that the stimulating effect of zolpidem on <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> is cancelled out by penicillin, while the inhibitory effect of protons on <italic>I</italic><sub>GABA</sub> is preserved.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Рецепторы, активируемые гамма-аминомасляной кислотой и принадлежащие к А типу (ГАМК<sub>А</sub>Р), выполняют функцию торможения в нервной системе благодаря генерации хлорного тока (<italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub>). Антибиотик пенициллин является «последовательным» блокатором открытой поры ГАМК<sub>А</sub>Р, который способен тормозить диссоциацию комплекса ГАМК–рецептор. Такая модуляция работы ГАМК-сайта позволяет предполагать, что эффекты конкурентных модуляторов ГАМК<sub>А</sub>Р в присутствии пенициллина могут меняться.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> исследования — изучить воздействие на <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> положительного конкурентного модулятора ГАМК<sub>А</sub>Р золпидема и негативного конкурентного модулятора ГАМК<sub>А</sub>Р ионов водорода (протонов) в присутствии пенициллина.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold><italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> измеряли на изолированных пирамидных нейронах гиппокампа крысы с помощью метода пэтч-клямп и системы быстрой аппликации. ГАМК, пенициллин и золпидем апплицировали на нейрон в течение 600 мс через пипетку с латеральным сдвигом. Для изучения действия протонов на <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> раствор ГАМК в апплицирующей пипетке закисляли до рН = 6,0–7,0.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Аппликация 1 мМ пенициллина снижала амплитуду <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> до 67 ± 4% от контрольной величины. Золпидем в концентрации 0.5 мкМ повышал амплитуду <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> до 167 ± 9% от контрольной величины. При ко-аппликации пенициллина и золпидема стимулирующий эффект золпидема не проявлялся, и амплитуда <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> составляла 68 ± 4%. Снижение рН раствора ГАМК до рН = 7,0 или рН = 6,0 вызывало падение амплитуды <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> до 80 ± 4 и 35 ± 4% соответственно. В присутствии пенициллина эффект протонов на <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> не менялся.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Впервые показано, что в присутствии пенициллина стимулирующий эффект золпидема на <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> отменяется, а ингибирующий эффект протонов на <italic>I</italic><sub>ГАМК</sub> сохраняется.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GABA receptors</kwd><kwd>penicillin</kwd><kwd>zolpidem</kwd><kwd>protons</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ГАМК-рецепторы</kwd><kwd>пенициллин</kwd><kwd>золпидем</kwd><kwd>протоны</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sigel E., Steinmann M.E. Structure, function, and modulation of GABA(A) receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287: 40224–40231. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.R112.386664. PMID: 23038269.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Sieghart W. Allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors via multiple drug-binding sites. Adv Pharmacol 2015; 72: 53–96. DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2014.10.002. PMID: 25600367.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Klinger F., Bajric M., Salzer I. et al. δ Subunit-containing GABAA receptors are preferred targets for the centrally acting analgesic flupirtine. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172: 4946–4958. DOI: 10.1111/bph.13262. PMID: 26211808.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Benveniste M., Mayer M.L. Trapping of glutamate and glycine during open channel block of rat hippocampal neuron NMDA receptors by 9-aminoacridine. J Physiol 1995; 483: 367–384. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020591. PMID: 7650609.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Rossokhin A.V., Sharonova I.N., Bukanova J.V. et al. Block of GABA(A) receptor ion channel by penicillin: electrophysiological and modeling insights toward the mechanism. Mol Cell Neurosci 2014; 63: 72–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.10.001. PMID: 25305478.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Wisden W., Yu X., Franks N.P. GABA receptors and the pharmacology of sleep. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 253: 279–304. DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_56. PMID: 28993837.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Bomalaski M.N., Claflin E.S., Townsend W., Peterson M.D. Zolpidem for the treatment of neurologic disorders: a systematic review. JAMA Neurol 2017; 74: 1130–1139. DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.1133. PMID: 28655027.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Hanson S.M., Czajkowski C. Disulphide trapping of the GABA(A) receptor reveals the importance of the coupling interface in the action of benzodiazepines. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162: 673–687. DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01073.x. PMID: 20942818.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Chen Z.L., Huang R.Q. Extracellular pH modulates GABAergic neurotransmission in rat hypothalamus. Neuroscience 2014; 271: 64–76. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.04.028. PMID: 24780768.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Huang R.Q., Chen Z., Dillon G.H. Molecular basis for modulation of recombinant alpha1beta2gamma2 GABAA receptors by protons. J Neurophysiol 2004; 92: 883–894. DOI: 10.1152/jn.01040.2003. PMID: 15028749.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou C., Xiao C., Deng C., Hong Ye J. Extracellular proton modulates GABAergic synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal CA3 neurons. Brain Res 2007; 1145: 213–220. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.01.121. PMID: 17321506.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Leng T.D., Si H.F., Li J. et al. Amiloride analogs as ASIC1a inhibitors. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22: 468–476. DOI: 10.1111/cns.12524. PMID: 26890278.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Chow K.M., Hui A.C., Szeto C.C. Neurotoxicity induced by beta-lactam antibiotics: from bench to bedside. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 24: 649–653. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-005-0021-y. PMID: 16261307.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Wilkins M.E., Hosie A.M., Smart T.G. Identification of a beta subunit TM2 residue mediating proton modulation of GABA type A receptors. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 5328–5333. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-13-05328.2002. PMID: 12097484.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Kisiel M., Jatczak-Śliwa M., Mozrzymas J.W. Protons modulate gating of recombinant α1β2γ2 GABAA receptor by affecting desensitization and opening transitions. Neuropharmacology 2019; 146: 300–315. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.10.016. PMID: 30326242.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
