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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">819</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2022.3.8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The cerebrovascular, neuroprotective and antiarrhythmic properties of the anxiolytic fabomotizole</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цереброваскулярные, нейропротекторные и антиаритмические свойства анксиолитика афобазола</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7542-8904</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">7006691421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzoyan</surname><given-names>Ruben S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоян</surname><given-names>Рубен Симонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Laboratory of pharmacology of сerebrovascular disorders</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., зав. лаб. фармакологии цереброваскулярных расстройств</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-9267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balasanyan</surname><given-names>Marine G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баласанян</surname><given-names>Маринe Гарниковна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="AM">Armenia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Pharm.), Professor, Head, Department of Pharmacology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.фарм.н., проф., зав. каф. фармакологии</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-7896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Topchyan</surname><given-names>Hakop V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топчян</surname><given-names>Акоп Вартанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of drug technology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф. зав. каф. технологии лекарств</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-0090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hakobyan</surname><given-names>Vilen P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопян</surname><given-names>Вилен Паруйрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Advisor to the Rector</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., академик НАН РА, советник ректора</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0442-1761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gan'shina</surname><given-names>Tamara S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганьшина</surname><given-names>Тамара Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, leading researcher, Laboratory of pharmacology of сerebrovascular disorders</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., проф., в.н.с. лаб. фармакологии це-реброваскулярных расстройств</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3693-285X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaylov</surname><given-names>Nikita A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайлов</surname><given-names>Никита Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.) senior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., с.н.с.</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-9217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurdyumov</surname><given-names>Il'ya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курдюмов</surname><given-names>Илья Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, Laboratory of pharmacology of сerebrovascular disorders</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. фармакологии цереброваскулярных расстройств</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8622-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Turilova</surname><given-names>Antonina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турилова</surname><given-names>Антонина Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, Laboratory of pharmacology of сerebrovascular disorders</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. фармакологии цереброваскулярных расстройств</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-4872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipova</surname><given-names>Тatyana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head, Laboratory of neuroprotection, Department of pharmacogenetic</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., зав. лаб. фармакологии нейропротекции отдела фармакогенетики</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1493-4392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kraineva</surname><given-names>Valentina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крайнева</surname><given-names>Валентина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, Laboratory of psychopharmacology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. психофармакологии</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-9331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seredenin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середенин</surname><given-names>Сергей Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific supervisor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., академик РАН, научный руководитель</p></bio><email>cerebropharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.V. Zakusov State Research Institute of Pharmacology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт фармакологии имени В.В. Закусова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M. Heratsi Yerevan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ереванский государственный медицинский университет имени М. Гераци</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kurchatov Complex of NBICS Nature-Like Technologies NBC «Kurchatov Institute»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Курчатовский комплекс НБИКС-природоподобных технологий НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Mirzoyan R.S., Balasanyan M.G., Topchyan H.V., Hakobyan V.P., Gan'shina T.S., Khaylov N.A., Kurdyumov I.N., Turilova A.I., Antipova Т.A., Kraineva V.A., Seredenin S.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Мирзоян Р.С., Баласанян М.Г., Топчян А.В., Акопян В.П., Ганьшина Т.С., Хайлов Н.А., Курдюмов И.Н., Турилова А.И., Антипова Т.А., Крайнева В.А., Середенин С.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mirzoyan R.S., Balasanyan M.G., Topchyan H.V., Hakobyan V.P., Gan'shina T.S., Khaylov N.A., Kurdyumov I.N., Turilova A.I., Antipova Т.A., Kraineva V.A., Seredenin S.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мирзоян Р.С., Баласанян М.Г., Топчян А.В., Акопян В.П., Ганьшина Т.С., Хайлов Н.А., Курдюмов И.Н., Турилова А.И., Антипова Т.А., Крайнева В.А., Середенин С.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/819">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/819</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Aim. </italic></bold>To examine the cerebrovascular, neuroprotective and antiarrhythmic properties of fabomotizole (brand name Afobazole).</p> <p><bold><italic>Materials and methods. </italic></bold>A comprehensive study of fabomotizole's effects on the blood supply, morphology and neuropsychology of the rat brain in various experimental disorders. We recorded cerebral blood flow and studied brain morphology in models of local permanent and global transient ischaemia, haemorrhagic brain damage, combined cerebrovascular and cardiovascular pathology, cardiac arrhythmias, and assessed the neuropsychological status. We measured the levels of GABA, glutamic acid, nerve growth factor, and heat shock protein (HSP70).</p> <p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> Fabomotizole improves blood supply, limits the area of injury, normalizes pathological brain changes in localized cerebral ischaemia, and eliminates neuropsychological damage in models of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. The drug increases cerebral blood flow in ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction and, to a greater extent, in combined cerebrovascular and coronary disease. Fabomotizole acts through the cerebrovascular GABAAergic system, as well as having significant antiarrhythmic properties.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusions. </italic></bold>Fabomotizole should be considered not only as an anxiolytic, but also as a drug with potential clinical efficacy in cerebrovascular disease, with concomitant coronary disease and cardiac arrhythmias.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic></bold> Изучение цереброваскулярных, нейропротекторных и антиаритмических свойств афобазола.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold>В рамках комплексного изучения влияния афобазола на кровоснабжение, морфологический и психоневрологический статус мозга крыс при различных экспериментальных патологических состояниях проведена регистрация мозгового кровообращения, изучение морфологии мозга, применение моделей локальной перманентной, глобальной преходящей ишемии, геморрагического поражения мозга, сочетанной сосудистой патологии мозга и сердца, сердечных аритмий, оценка психоневрологического статуса, определение содержания ГАМК, глутаминовой кислоты, фактора роста нервов, белка теплового шока или стресс-белка HSP70.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold>Афобазол улучшает кровоснабжение, ограничивает зону поражения, нормализует патоморфологические изменения мозговой ткани при локальном ишемическом поражении головного мозга и устраняет психоневрологические нарушения на моделях ишемического и геморрагического инсульта. Препарат увеличивает мозговое кровообращение при ишемическом и геморрагическом поражениях мозга, инфаркте миокарда и, в значительно большей степени, при сочетанных нарушениях мозгового и коронарного кровообращения. Цереброваскулярные эффекты афобазола реализуются через ГАМКА-ергическую систему сосудов мозга. Препарат обладает существенными антиаритмическими свойствами.</p> <p><bold><italic>Выводы. </italic></bold>Афобазол следует рассматривать не только как анксиолитический препарат, но и как средство с возможной клинической эффективностью при цереброваскулярных расстройствах с сопутствующими нарушениями коронарного кровообращения и сердечного ритма.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fabomotizole</kwd><kwd>cerebral circulation</kwd><kwd>brain morphology</kwd><kwd>neuropsychological status</kwd><kwd>antiarrhythmic activity</kwd><kwd>bicuculline</kwd><kwd>picrotoxin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>афобазол</kwd><kwd>мозговое кровообращение</kwd><kwd>морфология мозга</kwd><kwd>психоневрологический статус</kwd><kwd>антиаритмическая активность</kwd><kwd>бикукуллин</kwd><kwd>пикротоксин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Середенин С.Б., Воронин М.В. 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