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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">845</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2022.3.1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Risk factors for falls in different age groups of patients with chronic cerebral ischaemia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Факторы риска падений у больных различных возрастных групп с хронической ишемией головного мозга</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1253-1082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Geraskina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гераскина</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), leading researcher, Laboratory of cardioneurology, 2<sup>nd</sup> Neurological department, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Neurology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., в.н.с. лаб. кардионеврологии 2-го неврологического отделения Института клинической и профилактической неврологии</p></bio><email>neurocor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-1943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galaeva</surname><given-names>Amina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галаева</surname><given-names>Амина Аюповна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>neurologist, Department of nervous diseases, Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center, postgraduate student, Department of nervous diseases and neurosurgery named after Yu.S. Martynov</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>невролог, ОСП Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр, аспирант кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии им. Ю.С. Мартынова Медицинского института</p></bio><email>g.amina01@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-6502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheikhova</surname><given-names>Rabiyat D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шейхова</surname><given-names>Рабият Джалалутдиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of nervous diseases and neurosurgery named after Yu.S. Martynov, Medical Institution</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры нервных болезней и нейрохирургии им. Ю.С. Мартынова Медицинского института</p></bio><email>neurocor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-2152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fonyakin</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фонякин</surname><given-names>Андрей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., leading researcher, Head, Laboratory of cardioneurology, 2<sup>nd</sup> Neurological department, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Neurology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, в.н.с., рук. лаб. кардио-неврологии 2-го неврологического отделения Института клинической и профилактической неврологии <italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><email>fonyakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-6672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>Marina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>Марина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head, 2<sup>nd</sup> Neurological department, Institute of Clinical and Preventive Neurology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. 2-м неврологическим отделением Института клинической и профилактической неврологии</p></bio><email>neurocor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Gerontological Research and Clinical Center of N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Institute of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-05-13"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-06-10"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Geraskina L.A., Galaeva A.A., Sheikhova R.D., Fonyakin A.V., Maksimova M.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Гераскина Л.А., Галаева А.А., Шейхова Р.Д., Фонякин А.В., Максимова М.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Geraskina L.A., Galaeva A.A., Sheikhova R.D., Fonyakin A.V., Maksimova M.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гераскина Л.А., Галаева А.А., Шейхова Р.Д., Фонякин А.В., Максимова М.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/845">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/845</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Introduction.</italic></bold> Cognitive impairment, gait and balance disorders are the most important risk factors for falls in older persons. These neurological impairments are the main clinical manifestations of chronic cerebral ischaemia (CCI), and can develop at a younger age.</p> <p><bold><italic>Aim:</italic></bold> to evaluate the risk factors for falls in patients with CCI in different age groups and to identify the most significant predictors of falls.</p> <p><bold><italic>Materials and methods. </italic></bold>We examined 104 patients with CCI. Patients were divided into three age groups: middle age (40–59 years old; n = 13), older age (60–74 years old; n = 62), and the elderly (75 years and older; n = 29). We assessed the frequency of falls and the presence of risk factors.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> Thirty-seven (36%) patients had a history of falls, with its incidence increasing from 8% in the middle-aged group to 37% in the older persons and 45% in the elderly. Some patients had multiple risk factors for falls, while the presence of 5 risk factors increased the risk of falling fourfold. The most common factors in middle age were pain due to degenerative spine conditions (85%), anxiety (54%), and visual impairment (31%); in older age – back pain (77%), cognitive impairment (45%), visual impairment (39%), and decreased walking speed (23%); in the elderly — visual impairment (76%), cognitive impairment (69%), back pain (69%), decreased walking speed (38%), and orthostatic hypotension (28%). Discriminant analysis revealed that the best predictors of falls in CCI were female sex, age over 69 years, depression, cognitive impairment, and a walking speed below 1 m/sec.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion.</italic></bold> Falls were observed in all age groups of people with CCI. Not only the presence of a specific risk factor for falls, but the presence of multiple risk factors, has predictive value. The presence of five or more risk factors, as well as a walking speed below 1 m/sec, can indicate a high risk of falls.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Введение.</italic></bold> Когнитивные расстройства, нарушения ходьбы и равновесия — важнейшие факторы риска (ФР) падений в пожилом и старческом возрасте. При хронической ишемии головного мозга (ХИГМ) перечисленные неврологические нарушения являются основными клиническими проявлениями и могут развиваться в более молодом возрасте.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель:</italic></bold> изучить ФР падений у пациентов различного возраста с ХИГМ и определить наиболее значимые предикторы падений.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold>Обследованы 104 пациента с ХИГМ. Выделены группы среднего (40–59 лет; n = 13), пожилого (60–74 года; n = 62) и старческого возраста (75 лет и старше; n = 29). Оценивали частоту и наличие ФР падений.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Падения в анамнезе были у 37 (36%) больных, их частота увеличивалась от 8% у лиц среднего возраста до 37% в пожилом и 45% в старческом. Выявлена отягощённость множественными ФР падений, причём наличие 5 ФР увеличивает риск падений в 4 раза. В среднем возрасте наиболее часто регистрировались болевой синдром, обусловленный дегенеративными изменениями позвоночника (85%), тревога (54%), нарушения зрения (31%); в пожилом возрасте — болевой синдром в позвоночнике (77%), когнитивные нарушения (45%), нарушения зрения (39%), снижение скорости ходьбы (23%); в старческом возрасте — снижение зрения (76%), когнитивный дефицит (69%), болевой синдром в позвоночнике (69%), снижение скорости ходьбы (38%), ортостатическая гипотензия (28%). По данным дискриминантного анализа, наиболее значимыми предикторами падений при ХИГМ являются женский пол, возраст старше 69 лет, депрессия, наличие когнитивных нарушений, скорость ходьбы менее 1 м/с.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> При ХИГМ падения наблюдались во всех возрастных группах. Предиктивное значение имеет не только наличие конкретного ФР падения, но и суммарная отягощённость ими. Наличие 5 и более ФР, как и снижение скорости ходьбы менее 1 м/с, может свидетельствовать о высоком риске падений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic cerebral ischaemia</kwd><kwd>risk factors for falls</kwd><kwd>walking speed</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>факторы риска падений</kwd><kwd>скорость ходьбы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Barnard A.N., Furmedge D.S. What you need to know about falls. Br. 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