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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">861</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2022.2.2</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of residual brain activity in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness on resting-state functional MRI</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности резидуальной нейрональной активности у пациентов с хроническими нарушениями сознания по данным функциональной МРТ покоя</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-6687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Legostaeva</surname><given-names>Liudmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Легостаева</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), researcher, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9396-6063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kremneva</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кремнева</surname><given-names>Елена Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Radiology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., с.н.с. отд. нейровизуализации</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9951-9803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Dmitry O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицын</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), researcher, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.-м.н., н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0382-7719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Iazeva</surname><given-names>Elizaveta G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Язева</surname><given-names>Елизавета Григорьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>neurologist, Intensive care unit</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог отд. анестезиологии-реанимации с палатами реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), neurologist, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-невролог отд. анестезиологии-реанимации с палатами реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-1177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poydasheva</surname><given-names>Alexandra G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пойдашева</surname><given-names>Александра Георгиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0716-3737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>Ilya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>Илья Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), researcher, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9267-8315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagoda</surname><given-names>Dmitry Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагода</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-4565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>Anastasia N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), researcher, Radiology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., н.с. отд. нейровизуализации</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-344X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Sofya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Софья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), researcher, Neuroradiology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., н.с. отд. лучевой диагностики</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8576-9983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabinkina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябинкина</surname><given-names>Юлия Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Head, Intensive care unit department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. отд. анестезиологии-реанимации с палатами реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-4554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotenkova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротенкова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Head, Radiology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. отд. нейровизуализации</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3956-6362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suponeva</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супонева</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Neurorehabilitation department with TMS group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РАН, профессор РАН, д.м.н., г.н.с. отд. нейрореабилитации и физиотерапии</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-0392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Piradov</surname><given-names>Michail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирадов</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, профессор, д.м.н., директор</p></bio><email>legostaeva@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Legostaeva L.A., Kremneva E.I., Sinitsyn D.O., Iazeva E.G., Sergeev D.V., Poydasheva A.G., Bakulin I.S., Lagoda D.Y., Sergeeva A.N., Morozova S.N., Ryabinkina Y.V., Krotenkova M.V., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Легостаева Л.А., Кремнева Е.И., Синицын Д.О., Язева Е.Г., Сергеев Д.В., Пойдашева А.Г., Бакулин И.С., Лагода Д.Ю., Сергеева А.Н., Морозова С.Н., Рябинкина Ю.В., Кротенкова М.В., Супонева Н.А., Пирадов М.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Legostaeva L.A., Kremneva E.I., Sinitsyn D.O., Iazeva E.G., Sergeev D.V., Poydasheva A.G., Bakulin I.S., Lagoda D.Y., Sergeeva A.N., Morozova S.N., Ryabinkina Y.V., Krotenkova M.V., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Легостаева Л.А., Кремнева Е.И., Синицын Д.О., Язева Е.Г., Сергеев Д.В., Пойдашева А.Г., Бакулин И.С., Лагода Д.Ю., Сергеева А.Н., Морозова С.Н., Рябинкина Ю.В., Кротенкова М.В., Супонева Н.А., Пирадов М.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/861">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/861</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Introduction.</italic></bold> Rapid advances in critical care medicine have led to an increased survival rate of patients with severe brain damage and, consequently, to an increased prevalence of chronic disorders of consciousness (CDC). The lack of or fluctuations in signs of consciousness, which accompany the restoration of alertness after recovery from coma, indicate whether the type of CDC is a vegetative state or minimally conscious state. Correct diagnosis determines not only the rehabilitation outcome but also the economic outlook for a particular patient. However, the subjective nature of signs of consciousness, which are identified during clinical examination using neurological scales, is a common cause of diagnostic errors. The study of spontaneous activity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has helped to identify resting state networks. The default mode network (DMN) is one of the most studied brain networks. Its signal can change or be absent in patients with various types of CDC.</p> <p><bold><italic>Purpose.</italic></bold> To study the signal of residual spontaneous brain activity in patients with CDC at rest.</p> <p><bold><italic>Materials and methods.</italic></bold> Twenty-two patients with permanent CDC underwent resting state fMRI as an additional tool in the differential diagnosis between vegetative state and minimally conscious state at the Research Centre of Neurology.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results. </italic></bold>It was found that the nature of the signal coming from anatomical regions that are part of the DMN changes when signs of consciousness emerge.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion. </italic></bold>These changes confirm that resting state fMRI is an important additional tool for differential diagnosis of CDC types. Accumulating knowledge about the brain's functional state helps us to expand our overall understanding of the nature of consciousness.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Введение.</italic></bold> Быстрый прогресс в медицине критических состояний обусловил рост выживаемости пациентов с тяжёлыми повреждениями головного мозга и, соответственно, привёл к повышению частоты развития хронических нарушений сознания (ХНС). Отсутствие или флуктуации признаков сознательной деятельности, сопутствующих восстановлению бодрствования после выхода из комы, определяют форму ХНС: вегетативное состояние/состояние ареактивного бодрствования или состояние минимального сознания. Правильная диагностика даёт не только реабилитационный, но и экономический прогноз для конкретного пациента. Однако субъективный характер признаков сознательной деятельности, выявляемых при помощи клинического осмотра и неврологических шкал, часто становится причиной некорректного диагноза. Изучение спонтанной активности в состоянии покоя методом функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии (фМРТ) позволило выделить стабильно регистрируемые сети покоя. Сеть пассивного режима работы головного мозга является одной из наиболее изученных. Её сигнал может изменяться или отсутствовать у пациентов, находящихся в различных формах ХНС.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold> — изучение сигнала резидуальной спонтанной активности головного мозга в покое у пациентов с ХНС.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> В ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии» у 22 пациентов с перманентными ХНС проведено исследование фМРТ покоя в качестве вспомогательного инструмента для дифференциальной диагностики между вегетативным состоянием/состоянием ареактивного бодрствования и состоянием минимального сознания.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Обнаружено, что характеристики сигнала от анатомических зон, входящих в сеть пассивного режима работы головного мозга, меняются при появлении признаков сознательной деятельности.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Выявленные изменения подтверждают, что фМРТ покоя служит важным вспомогательным инструментом в дифференциальной диагностике форм ХНС. Накопление новых знаний о функциональном состоянии мозга позволяет расширить представления о феномене сознания в целом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>consciousness</kwd><kwd>chronic disorders of consciousness</kwd><kwd>vegetative state</kwd><kwd>minimally conscious state</kwd><kwd>spontaneous brain activity</kwd><kwd>resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>resting state network</kwd><kwd>default mode network</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сознание</kwd><kwd>хронические нарушения сознания</kwd><kwd>вегетативное состояние</kwd><kwd>состояние минимального сознания</kwd><kwd>спонтанная нейрональная активность головного мозга</kwd><kwd>функциональная магнитно-резонансная томография покоя</kwd><kwd>сети покоя</kwd><kwd>сеть пассивного режима работы мозга</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Пирадов М.А., Супонева Н.А., Вознюк И.А. и др. 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