Annals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyAnnals of Clinical and Experimental NeurologyАнналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии2075-54732409-2533Eco-Vector87410.54101/ACEN.2023.1.2Original articlesОригинальные статьиResearch ArticleExamining the frequency of dysphagia and the predictive factors of dysphagia that require attention in patients with Parkinson's diseaseИзучение частоты дисфагии и прогностических факторов дисфагии, требующих внимания, у пациентов с болезнью ПаркинсонаBabajani RoshanTaherehБабаджани РошанТахере
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Medical Student, Student Research Committee

t.doctor_91@yahoo.comBehzadCatherineБехзадКатрин
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Assistant Professor, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine

catherinebehzad@yahoo.comSaadatPayamСаадатПаям
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Associated Professor, Mobility Impairment Research Center

sepanta1968@yahoo.comBijaniAliБиджаниАли
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Assistant Professor, Epidemiology, Health Research Institute

alibijani@yahoo.comDehghanMehdiДехганМехди
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Master of Science of Speech and Language Pathology

m.dehghan26@gmail.comAhmadi AhangarAlijanАхмади АхангарАлиджан
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Professor, Neurology, Mobility Impairment Research Center

rohanresearch88@gmail.comBabol University of Medical SciencesБабольский университет медицинских наук2903202317114190108202214112022Copyright ©; 2023, Babajani Roshan T., Behzad C., Saadat P., Bijani A., Dehghan M., Ahmadi Ahangar A.Copyright ©; 2023, Бабаджани Рошан Т., Бехзад К., Саадат П., Биджани А., Дехган М., Ахмади Ахангар А.2023Babajani Roshan T., Behzad C., Saadat P., Bijani A., Dehghan M., Ahmadi Ahangar A.Бабаджани Рошан Т., Бехзад К., Саадат П., Биджани А., Дехган М., Ахмади Ахангар А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/874

Introduction. Due to the prevalence of dysphagia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and its complications such as aspiration pneumonia, which is the main cause of death in these patients, PD-related disability can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia.

Objective. The present study was aimed at investigating the frequency of dysphagia in PD patients.

Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study included 150 PD patients visiting a Neurology Clinic. The severity of PD was determined based on the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and modified Hoen and Yahr (HYS) Scale. The Munich Dysphagia Test-Parkinson's disease (MDT-PD) questionnaire was used to assess dysphagia. Comparisons were made using generalized Fisher exact, Chi-square, ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Predictive factors were analyzed using logistic regression. Statistical analyses were performed at significance level of 0.05.

Results. Out of all 150 patients referred to the Clinic, the prevalence of dysphagia requiring attention was 25.3% (n = 38). The patients of the three groups according to the MDT-PD (no noticeable dysphagia, noticeable oropharyngeal, and dysphagia with aspiration risk) had a significant difference only in terms of the PD duration (p < 0.001). In the predicting of dysphagia, the longer PD duration (p = 0.011) and homemaker occupation (p = 0.033) were protective factors, while female gender was a risk factor (p = 0.011).

Conclusion. The prevalence of dysphagia requiring attention in the studied patients was 25.3%. It decreased with the longer duration of the disease, and its prevalence was lower in homemaker patients, while the odds of dysphagia was 5.8 times higher in women than in men.

Введение. Распространённой проблемой при болезни Паркинсона (БП) являются дисфагия и её осложнения, такие как аспирационная пневмония, которая представляет собой частую причину смерти при БП. В связи с этим ранняя диагностика и лечение дисфагии может способствовать предотвращению инвалидизации пациентов.

Целью настоящего исследования является изучение частоты дисфагии у пациентов с БП.

Материалы и методы. В поперечное исследование были включены 150 пациентов с БП, наблюдающиеся в неврологической клинике. Тяжесть БП определяли на основании Унифицированной шкалы оценки БП (UPDRS) и модифицированной шкалы Хен–Яра (HYS). Для оценки дисфагии использовали Мюнхенский тест для оценки дисфагии у пациентов с БП (MDT-PD). Сравнение проводили с помощью обобщённого точного теста Фишера, теста χ2, ANOVA и теста Краскелла–Уоллиса. Прогностические факторы анализировали с помощью логистической регрессии. Статистический анализ осуществляли с использованием уровня значимости 0,05.

Результаты. Из 150 пациентов, наблюдавшихся в клинике, дисфагия установлена у 38 (25,3%). Пациенты, относящиеся к трем группам в соответствии с результатами оценки по MDT-PD (отсутствие заметной дисфагии, заметная орофарингеальная дисфагия и дисфагия с риском аспирации), значимо различались только по длительности БП (p < 0,001). При оценке прогностических факторов большая продолжительность БП (p = 0,011) и трудовая занятость в виде ведения домашнего хозяйства (p = 0,033) оказались протективными факторами, в то время как женский пол являлся фактором риска (p = 0,011).

Заключение. Распространённость дисфагии, требующей внимания, у исследованных пациентов составила 25,3%. Вероятность ее наличия снижалась с увеличением длительности заболевания. Кроме того, распространённость развития дисфагии оказалась в 5,8 раза выше у женщин, чем у мужчин.

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