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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">947</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2023.4.12</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical analysis</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинический разбор</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A Clinical Case of Corticospinal Tract Reorganization of Supplementary Motor Area in a Child After Acute Hypoxic Brain Injury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинический случай реорганизации кортикоспинального тракта дополнительной моторной зоны при постгипоксическом поражении центральной нервной системы у ребёнка</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanshina</surname><given-names>Daria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каньшина</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Functional Diagnostics Doctor, Neurologist, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач функциональной диагностики, врач-невролог, с.н.с. отдела функциональной диагностики </p></bio><email>dr.d.kanshina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-3711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikov</surname><given-names>Ilya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>Илья Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Radiologist, Senior Researcher, Head, CT-MRI Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-рентгенолог, с.н.с., зав. отд. магнитно-резонансной и компьютерной томографии</p></bio><email>melnikov_ia@doctor-roshal.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-9874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ublinsky</surname><given-names>Maksim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ублинский</surname><given-names>Максим Вадимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., н.с. </p></bio><email>maxublinsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-2758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>Sergey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Сергей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Genetics of Neurological Diseases, Institute of Higher and Additional Professional Education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой генетики неврологических болезней Института высшего и дополнительного профессионального образования </p></bio><email>nikitin-s@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1622-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valliulina</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валлиулина</surname><given-names>Светлана Альбертовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director for Medical and Economic Issues, Head, Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зам. директора по медицинским и экономическим вопросам, руководитель отдела реабилитации </p></bio><email>vsa64@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhadov</surname><given-names>Tolibdzhon A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахадов</surname><given-names>Толибджон Абдулаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Radiology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, рук. отдела лучевых методов диагностики </p></bio><email>akhadov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-2109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surma</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурма</surname><given-names>Мария Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neurologist, Doctor of Functional Diagnostics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог, врач функциональной диагностики </p></bio><email>maria_fnc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Genetic Research Center named after N.P. Bochkov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н.И. Пирогова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Kanshina D.S., Melnikov I.A., Ublinsky M.V., Nikitin S.S., Valliulina S.A., Akhadov T.A., Surma M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Каньшина Д.С., Мельников И.А., Ублинский М.В., Никитин С.С., Валлиулина С.А., Ахадов Т.А., Сурма М.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanshina D.S., Melnikov I.A., Ublinsky M.V., Nikitin S.S., Valliulina S.A., Akhadov T.A., Surma M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каньшина Д.С., Мельников И.А., Ублинский М.В., Никитин С.С., Валлиулина С.А., Ахадов Т.А., Сурма М.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/947">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/947</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We present clinical observation of a 3-year-old child during recovery after acute hypoxic brain injury (freshwater drowning). Using diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance tractography with reconstruction of the corticospinal tract (CST) originated from the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area (SMA), we determined that hypoxic brain injury induced activation of CST from the SMA. The period of reorganization was associated with the development of epileptiform patterns, that confirms the transient hyperexcitability of cortical neurons. Our findings indicate no recovery of motor function after acute hypoxic brain injury when CST originated only from SMA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлено клиническое наблюдение ребёнка 3 лет в восстановительном периоде после перенесённого острого гипоксического состояния (утопление в пресной воде). Проведены диагностическая транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция и магнитно-резонансная трактография с реконструкцией кортикоспинального тракта (КСТ) от первичной моторной коры и дополнительной моторной зоны (ДМЗ). Установлено, что постгипоксическое поражение мозга привело к активации КСТ от ДМЗ, а период реорганизации сопровождался возникновением эпилептиформных паттернов, подтверждающих временную гипервозбудимость кортикальных нейронов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют об отсутствии у ребёнка восстановления моторной функции в восстановительном периоде острого постгипоксического состояния при наличии КСТ только от ДМЗ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corticospinal tract</kwd><kwd>supplementary motor area</kwd><kwd>hypoxic encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd><kwd>motor evoked potential</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кортикоспинальный тракт</kwd><kwd>дополнительная моторная зона</kwd><kwd>постгипоксическое состояние</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>моторный вызванный потенциал</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Грант Правительства г. Москвы</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Government Grant</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>2412-9</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tekgul H., Saz U., Yilmaz S., et.al Transcranial magnetic stimulation study for the investigation of corticospinal motor pathways in children with cerebral palsy. J. Clin. Neurosci. 2020;78:153–158. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.04.087</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Fujimoto H., Mihara M., Hattori N. et al. Cortical changes underlying balance recovery in patients with hemiplegic stroke. Neuroimage. 2014;85(Pt 1):547–554. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.014</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Konrad C., Jansen A., Henningsen H. et al. Subcortical reorganization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Exp. 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