<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">976</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2023.2.6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Morphological Changes in Neural Progenitors Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Transplanted into the Striatum of a Parkinson's Disease Rat Model</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфологические изменения нейрональных предшественников, полученных из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток человека и трансплантированных в стриатум крыс с моделью болезни Паркинсона</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-5322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>Dmitry N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, Laboratory of neuromorphology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. нейроморфологии</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-0934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stavrovskaya</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ставровская</surname><given-names>Алла Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), leading researcher, Laboratory of experimental pathology of the nervous system</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., в.н.с. лаб. экспериментальной патологии нервной системы</p></bio><email>alla_stav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0767-5265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior researcher, Laboratory of cell biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>с.н.с. лаб. клеточной биологии</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0383-0240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Wen</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Вен</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TW">Taiwan, Province of China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Institute of Health Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, профессор, Институт наук о здоровье</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-8032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshansky</surname><given-names>Artem S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанский</surname><given-names>Артем Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher, Laboratory of experimental pathology of the nervous system</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаб. экспериментальной патологии нервной системы</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3026-0279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gushchina</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гущина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher, Laboratory of experimental pathology of the nervous system</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с. лаб. экспериментальной патологии нервной системы</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-2897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapkaeva</surname><given-names>Marina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капкаева</surname><given-names>Марина Рафаиловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher, Laboratory of neurobiology and tissue engineering</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с. лаб. нейробиологии и тканевой инженерии</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-1984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomazova</surname><given-names>Alexandra N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомазова</surname><given-names>Александра Никитична</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head, Laboratory of cell biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. лаб. клеточной биологии</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagarkova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагарькова</surname><given-names>Мария Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Biol.), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., чл.-корр. РАН, ген. директор</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarioshkin</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иллариошкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director, Head, Brain Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., академик РАН, зам. директора по научной работе</p></bio><email>annaly-nevrologii@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical and Chemical Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины имени Ю.М. Лопухина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Китайский медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-20"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Voronkov D.N., Stavrovskaya A.V., Lebedeva O.S., Li W., Olshansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Kapkaeva M.R., Bogomazova A.N., Lagarkova M.A., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Воронков Д.Н., Ставровская А.В., Лебедева О.С., Ли В., Ольшанский А.С., Гущина А.С., Капкаева М.Р., Богомазова А.Н., Лагарькова М.А., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voronkov D.N., Stavrovskaya A.V., Lebedeva O.S., Li W., Olshansky A.S., Gushchina A.S., Kapkaeva M.R., Bogomazova A.N., Lagarkova M.A., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воронков Д.Н., Ставровская А.В., Лебедева О.С., Ли В., Ольшанский А.С., Гущина А.С., Капкаева М.Р., Богомазова А.Н., Лагарькова М.А., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/976">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/976</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Introduction.</italic></bold> Development of cell therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) requires protocols based on transplantation of neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into the damaged area of the brain.</p> <p><bold><italic>Objective:</italic></bold> to characterize neurons transplanted into a rat brain and evaluate neural transplantation efficacy using a PD animal model.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Neurons derived from hiPSCs (IPSRG4S line) were transplanted into the striatum of rats after intranigral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Immunostaining was performed to identify expression of glial and neuronal markers in the transplanted cells within 2–24 weeks posttransplant.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> 4 weeks posttransplant we observed increased expression of mature neuron markers, decreased expression of neural progenitor markers, and primary pro-inflammatory response of glial cells in the graft. Differentiation and maturation of neuronal cells in the graft lasted over 3 months. At 3 and 6 months we detected 2 graft zones: one mainly contained the transplanted neurons and the other — human astrocytes. We detected human neurites in the corpus callosum and surrounding striatal tissue and large human tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neurons in the graft.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion.</italic></bold> With graft's morphological characteristics identified at different periods we can better understand pathophysiology and temporal patterns of new dopaminergic neurons integration and striatal reinnervation in a rat PD model in the long-term postoperative period.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Введение.</italic></bold> Разработка клеточной терапии для пациентов с болезнью Паркинсона (БП) предполагает создание протоколов на основе трансплантации нейронов, полученных из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ИПСК) человека, в поражённую область головного мозга.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold> исследования — охарактеризовать нейроны, трансплантированные в мозг крысы, для оценки эффективности нейротрансплантации на животной модели БП.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> Нейроны, полученные из ИПСК человека (линия IPSRG4S), трансплантировали в стриатум крыс с интранигральным введением 6-OHDA в качестве модели БП. Затем проводили иммуноокрашивание для выявления экспрессии глиальных и нейрональных маркеров в трансплантированных клетках в срок 2–24 нед после трансплантации.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Через 4 нед в трансплантате зарегистрировано увеличение экспрессии маркеров зрелых нейронов на фоне снижения экспрессии маркеров нейрональных предшественников и первичной провоспалительной реакции глии. Дифференцировка и созревание нейрональных клеток в трансплантате продолжались более 3 мес. На более поздних сроках (3 и 6 мес) в трансплантате выявляли две зоны: содержащую преимущественно трансплантированные нейроны и образованную в основном астроцитами человека. В мозолистом теле и окружающей ткани полосатого тела обнаружены отростки нейронов человека, в трансплантате — крупные нейроны человека, экспрессирующие тирозингидроксилазу.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Установленные в работе морфологические особенности трансплантата на разных сроках позволяют глубже понять патофизиологию и временные закономерности интеграции новых дофаминергических нейронов и реиннервации стриатума у крыс с моделью БП в отдалённом послеоперационном периоде.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson's disease</kwd><kwd>model</kwd><kwd>human induced pluripotent stem cells</kwd><kwd>hiPSC</kwd><kwd>neurons</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd><kwd>striatum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>модель</kwd><kwd>индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки человека</kwd><kwd>нейроны</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd><kwd>полосатое тело</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-15-2019-1669</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lebedeva O.S., Lagarkova M.A. Pluripotent stem cells for modelling and cell therapy of Parkinson’s disease. Biochemistry (Moscow). 2018;83(9):1046–1056. doi: 10.1134/S0006297918090067</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Penney J., Ralvenius W.T., Tsai L.-H. Modeling Alzheimer’s disease with iPSC-derived brain cells. Mol. Psychiatry. 2020;25(1):148–167. doi: 10.1038/s41380-019-0468-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Schweitzer J.S., Song B., Herrington T.M. et al. Personalized iPSC-derived dopamine progenitor cells for Parkinson’s disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2020;382(20):1926–1932. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1915872</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Wu R., Luo S., Yang H., Transplantation of neural progenitor cells generated from human urine epithelial cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells improves neurological functions in rats with stroke. Dis. Med. 2020;29(156):53–64.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Ghosh B., Zhang C., Ziemba K.S. et al. Partial reconstruction of the nigrostriatal circuit along a preformed molecular guidance pathway. Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev. 2019; 14:217–227. doi: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.06.008</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Kriks S., Shim J.-W., Piao J. et al. Dopamine neurons derived from human ES cells efficiently engraft in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Nature. 2011;480(7378):547–551. doi: 10.1038/nature10648</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Arenas E., Denham M., Villaescusa J.C. How to make a midbrain dopaminergic neuron. Development. 2015;142(11):1918–1936. doi: 10.1242/dev.097394</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Engel M., Do-Ha D., Muñoz S.S., Ooi L. Common pitfalls of stem cell differentiation: a guide to improving protocols for neurodegenerative disease models and research. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2016;73(19):3693–3709. doi: 10.1007/s00018-016-2265-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Antonov S.A., Novosadova E.V., Kobylyansky A.G. et al. Expression and functional properties of NMDA and GABAA receptors during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into ventral mesencephalic neurons. Biochemistry (Moscow). 2019;84(3):310–320. doi: 10.1134/S0006297919030131</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Sefiani A., Geoffroy C.G. The potential role of inflammation in modulating endogenous hippocampal neurogenesis after spinal cord injury. Front. Neurosci. 2021;15:682259. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.682259</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Tomov N., Surchev L., Wiedenmann C. et al. Astrogliosis has different dynamics after cell transplantation and mechanical impact in the rodent model of Parkinson’s disease. Balkan Med. J. 2018;35(2):141–147. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2016.1911</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Llorens-Bobadilla E., Zhao S., Baser A. et al. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals a population of dormant neural stem cells that become activated upon brain injury. Cell Stem Cell. 2015;17(3):329–340. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2015.07.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Johann V., Schiefer J., Sass C. et al. Time of transplantation and cell preparation determine neural stem cell survival in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease. Exp. Brain Res. 2007;177(4):458–470. doi: 10.1007/s00221-006-0689-y</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Tom C.M., Younesi S., Meer E. et al. Survival of iPSC-derived grafts within the striatum of immunodeficient mice: Importance of developmental stage of both transplant and host recipient. Exp. Neurol. 2017;297:118–128. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.018</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Kopach O. Monitoring maturation of neural stem cell grafts within a host microenvironment. World J. Stem Cells. 2019;11(11):982–989. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i11.982</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Holmqvist S., Lehtonen Š., Chumarina M. et al. Creation of a library of induced pluripotent stem cells from Parkinsonian patients. NPJ Parkinson Dis. 2016;2(1):16009. doi: 10.1038/npjparkd.2016.9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Voronkov D.N., Stavrovskaya A.V., Guschina A.S. et al. Morphological characterization of astrocytes in a xenograft of human iPSC-derived neural precursor cells. Acta Naturae. 2022;14(3):100–108. doi: 10.32607/actanaturae.11710</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Paxinos G., Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. 6th еd. San Diego; 2007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Krishnasamy S., Weng Y.C., Thammisetty S.S. et al. Molecular imaging of nestin in neuroinflammatory conditions reveals marked signal induction in activated microglia. J. Neuroinflammation. 2017;14(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12974-017-0816-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Verwer R.W., Sluiter A.A., Balesar R.A. et al. Mature astrocytes in the adult human neocortex express the early neuronal marker doublecortin. Brain. 2007;130(12):3321-3335. doi: 10.1093/brain/awm264</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Sun W., Cornwell A., Li J. et al. SOX9 is an astrocyte-specific nuclear marker in the adult brain outside the neurogenic regions. J. Neurosci. 2017;37(17):4493–4507. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3199-16.2017</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Sensenbrenner M., Lucas M., Deloulme J.-C. Expression of two neuronal markers, growth-associated protein 43 and neuron-specific enolase, in rat glial cells. J. Mol. Med. 1997;75(9):653–663. doi: 10.1007/s001090050149</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Harrill J.A., Chen H., Streifel K.M. et al. Ontogeny of biochemical, morphological and functional parameters of synaptogenesis in primary cultures of rat hippocampal and cortical neurons. Mol. Brain. 2015;8(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s13041-015-0099-9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>White R.B., Thomas M.G. Moving beyond tyrosine hydroxylase to define dopaminergic neurons for use in cell replacement therapies for Parkinson’s disease. CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets. 2012;11(4):340–349. doi: 10.2174/187152712800792758</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
