<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анналы клинической и экспериментальной неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-5473</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-2533</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">985</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54101/ACEN.2023.3.5</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical markers for unfavorable course of multiple sclerosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинические маркеры неблагоприятного течения рассеянного склероза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-7288</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4322-6488</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matrosova</surname><given-names>Mariya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матросова</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>radiologist, PhD student, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-рентгенолог, аспирант ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>matrosova@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-8970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belskaya</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельская</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Multidisciplinary clinical and diagnostic center, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. многопрофильным клинико-диагностическим центром ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>belskaya@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-6526</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6299-3604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryukhov</surname><given-names>Vasiliy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюхов</surname><given-names>Василий Валериевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), radiologist, senior researcher, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-рентгенолог, с.н.с., ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>abdomen@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-452X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Валериевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Head, Multiple sclerosis сenter, City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow, Russia; Assoc. Prof., Department of neurology, neurosurgery and medical genetics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. межокружного отделения рассеянного склероза ГБУЗ «ГКБ 24 ДЗМ», Москва, Россия; доцент каф. неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики лечебного факультета ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова», Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>matrosova@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-4554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9663-8828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotenkova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротенкова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), main researcher, Head, Department of radiology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., г.н.с., рук. отдела лучевой диагностики, ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», Москва, Россия</p></bio><email>krotenkova_mrt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 24 ДЗМ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-05"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-05-31"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Matrosova M.S., Belskaya G.N., Bryukhov V.V., Popova E.V., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Матросова М.С., Бельская Г.Н., Брюхов В.В., Попова Е.В., Кротенкова М.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matrosova M.S., Belskaya G.N., Bryukhov V.V., Popova E.V., Krotenkova M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Матросова М.С., Бельская Г.Н., Брюхов В.В., Попова Е.В., Кротенкова М.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/985">https://annaly-nevrologii.com/pathID/article/view/985</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective</bold>. To study possible clinical markers associated with the unfavorable course of multiple sclerosis and its transition to a progressive subtype.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. This prospective study included healthy volunteers and patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). For a comprehensive clinical evaluation, the participants completed the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (T25-FW), Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Fatigue test, and MSProDiscuss questionnaires. Then we compared the results between the groups.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>. We found significant differences between the groups in regard to most of the tests. Furthermore, we proposed a composite clinical score (CCS) based on T25-FW, SDMT, and 9-HPT results (for both hands).</p> <p><bold>Discussion</bold>. Our CCS can be a useful clinical tool to determine the most likely course of multiple sclerosis at a certain timepoint.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — изучение возможных клинических маркеров, ассоциированных с неблагоприятным течением рассеянного склероза (РС) и его переходом в прогрессирующую форму.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В проспективное исследование были включены пациенты с ремиттирующим, вторично-прогрессирующим, первично-прогрессирующим РС и здоровые добровольцы. Для комплексной клинической оценки обследуемые проходили тест на оценку времени прохождения 25 футов (T25-FW), тест с 9 отверстиями (9-HPT), тест на сопоставление символов и цифр (SDMT), тест на оценку уровня утомлённости (Fatigue), заполняли анкеты MSProDiscuss, после чего было проведено межгрупповое сравнение результатов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Выявлены значимые различия в выполнении большинства тестов испытуемыми разных групп и предложен объединённый клинический показатель, включающий в себя результаты тестов T25-FW, SDMT и 9-HPT (выполнялся как правой, так и левой рукой).</p> <p><bold>Обсуждение</bold>. Объединённый клинический показатель может стать полезным инструментом в клинической практике для оценки более вероятного типа течения РС у пациента в конкретный момент времени.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>progressive multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>composite clinical score</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>ремиттирующий рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>прогрессирующий рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>объединённый клинический показатель</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Захарова М.Н., Абрамова А.А., Аскарова Л.Ш. и др. Рассеянный склероз: вопросы диагностики и лечения. М.; 2018. Zakharova M.N., Abramova A.A., Askarova L.Sh. et al. Multiple sclerosis: issues of diagnosis and treatment. Moscow; 2018. DOI: 10.25697/MM.2018.01.11</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Mahad D.H., Trapp B.D., Lassmann H. Pathological mechanisms in progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(2):183–193. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70256-X</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Kutzelnigg A., Lassmann H. Pathology of multiple sclerosis and related inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Handb. Clin. Neurol. 2014;122:15–58. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52001-2.00002-9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Katz Sand I., Krieger S., Farrell C., Miller A.E. Diagnostic uncertainty during the transition to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2014;20(12):1654–1657. DOI: 10.1177/1352458514521517</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Kurtzke J.F. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis. An expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology. 1983;33(11):1444. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.33.11.1444</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Хачанова Н.В., Бойко А.Н., Бахтиярова К.З. и др. Рекомендации экспертного совещания «Вторично-прогрессирующий рассеянный склероз: нерешенные вопросы и перспективы». Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2019;11(4):172–175. Khachanova N.V., Boyko A.N., Bakhtiyarova K.Z. et al. Recommendations from the Expert Meeting «Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: unresolved issues and prospects». Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2019;11(4):172–175. DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2019-4-172-175</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Rudick R.A., Polman C.H., Cohen J.A. et al. Assessing disability progression with the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite. Mult. Scler. 2009;15(8):984–997. DOI: 10.1177/1352458509106212</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Meyer-Moock S., Maeurer Y.S., Feng M. et al. Systematic literature review and validity evaluation of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) in patients with multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurol. 2014;14:58. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-14-58</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Lublin F.D., Reingold S.C., Cohen J.A. et al. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: the 2013 revisions. Neurology. 2014;83(3):278–286. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000560</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Sikes E.M., Cederberg K.L., Sandroff B.M. et al. Quantitative Synthesis of Timed 25-Foot Walk Performance in Multiple Sclerosis. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 2020;101(3):524–534. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.08.488</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Benedict R.H., DeLuca J., Phillips G. et al. Validity of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test as a cognition performance outcome measure for multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2017;23(5):721–733. DOI: 10.1177/1352458517690821</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Strober L., DeLuca J., Benedict R.H. et al. Symbol Digit Modalities Test: a valid clinical trial endpoint for measuring cognition in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 2019;25(13):1781–1790. DOI: 10.1177/1352458518808204</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Fischer J.S., Rudick R.A., Cutter G.R., Reingold S.C. The Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite Measure (MSFC): an integrated approach to MS clinical outcome assessment. National MS Society Clinical Outcomes Assessment Task Force. Mult. Scler. 1999;5(4):244–250. DOI: 10.1177/135245859900500409</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Orbach R., Zhao Z., Wang Y.C. et al. Comparison of disease activity in SPMS and PPMS in the context of multicenter clinical trials. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e45409. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045409</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Brenton J.N., Koshiya H., Woolbright E., Goldman M.D. The Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite and Symbol Digit Modalities Test as outcome measures in pediatric multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. J. Exp. Transl. Clin. 2019;5(2):2055217319846141. DOI: 10.1177/2055217319846141</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Лащ Н.Ю., Бойко А.Н. Утомляемость при рассеянном склерозе и возможности ее коррекции. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2016;8(1):82–85. Lashch N.Yu., Boiko A.N. Multiple sclerosis-related fatigue and possibilities of its correction. Neurology, neuropsychiatry, psychosomatics. 2016;8(1):82–85. DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2016-1-82-85</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Beckerman H., Eijssen I.C., van Meeteren J. et al. Fatigue profiles in patients with multiple sclerosis are based on severity of fatigue and not on dimensions of fatigue. Sci. Rep. 2020;10:4167. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61076-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Ziemssen T., Piani-Meier D., Bennett B. et al. A physician-completed digital tool for evaluating disease progression (multiple sclerosis progression discussion tool): validation study. J. Med. Internet Res. 2020;22(2):e16932. DOI: 10.2196/16932</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Волков А.И., Попова Е.В. Новые инструменты для раннего выявления прогрессирования рассеянного склероза. Опросник MSProDiscuss. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2020;120(7–2):43–47. Volkov A.I., Popova E.V. New tools for early detection of multiple sclerosis progression: MSProDiscuss questionnaire. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2020;120(7–2):43–47. DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012007243</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Hamdy E., Talaat F., Ramadan I. et al. Diagnosing ‘transition’ to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS): a step-by-step approach for clinicians. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 2022;60:103718. DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103718</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Симанив Т.О., Захарова М.Н. Сложность дифференциальной диагностики первично-прогрессирующего рассеянного склероза. Medica mente. 2018;4(1):29–32. Simaniv T.O., Zakharova M.N. Difficulty of differential diagnosis in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis. Medica Mente. 2018;4(1):29–32. DOI: 10.25697/MM.2018.01.07</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Gaser C., Dahnke R., Thompson P.M. et al. Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative. CAT — a computational anatomy toolbox for the analysis of structural MRI data. bioRxiv. 2022.06.11.495736. DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.11.495736</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Sumowski J.F., Benedict R., Enzinger C. et al. Cognition in multiple sclerosis: state of the field and priorities for the future. Neurology. 2018;90(6):278–288. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004977</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Кротенкова И.А., Брюхов В.В., Переседова А.В., Кротенкова М.В. Атрофия центральной нервной системы при рассеянном склерозе: данные МРТ-морфометрии. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2014;114(10-2):50–56. Krotenkova I.A., Briukhov V.V., Peresedova A.V., Krotenkova M.V. Atrophy of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis: MRI-morphometry results. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2014;114(10-2):50–56.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
