Геморрагическая трансформация инфаркта мозга: классификация, патогенез, предикторы и влияние на функциональный исход

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Используя специальные ключевые слова, мы провели поиск статей за последние 10 лет, посвященных геморрагической трансформации (ГТ) ишемического инсульта (ИИ) и доступных в базе данных PubMed. В статье проанализированы и обобщены сведения по классификации, патогенезу, предикторам ГТ (клиническим, лабораторным, нейровизуализационным, в том числе с использованием интегративных оценочных шкал), а также о влиянии ГТ на функциональный исход болезни. Подчеркивается, что по своей феноменологии ГТ является многофакторным патологическим процессом, включающим ишемию мозга, развитие коагулопатии, нарушение целостности гематоэнцефалического барьера и реперфузионное повреждение. Сделан акцент на тщательном мониторинге пациентов с острым ИИ после внутривенной тромболитической терапии и/или эндоваскулярного вмешательства, а также больных с высоким прогнозируемым риском ГТ. Для скорейшего выявления ГТ следует проводить своевременную и регулярную нейровизуализацию в динамике. Паренхиматозные гематомы 2-го типа, наиболее тяжелый тип ГТ, чаще всего ассоциированы с высокой летальностью и неблагоприятным функциональным исходом.

Об авторах

Дина Рустемовна Хасанова

ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет»; ГАУЗ "Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр"

Email: ninilak@gmail.com
Россия, Казань

Михаил Николаевич Калинин

ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет»; ГАУЗ "Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр"

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: ninilak@gmail.com
Россия, Казань

Мурат Масгутович Ибатуллин

ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет»; ГАУЗ "Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр"

Email: ninilak@gmail.com
Россия, Казань

Ильнур Шавкатович Рахимов

Елабужский институт (филиал) ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»

Email: ninilak@gmail.com
Россия, Елабуга

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