Epilepsy in patients with MOG antibody disease

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Abstract

Introduction. MOG (anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein) antibody disease is a group of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system, in which antibodies attack the glycoproteins on the oligodendrocyte myelin membrane. The aim of the study was to evaluate the course of the disease in patients with MOG antibody disease with epilepsy.

Materials and methods. We examined 11 patients (5 men and 6 women) with MOG antibody disease aged from 2 months to 46 years. Three case studies were described when patients with MOG antibody disease had epileptic seizures.

Results and discussion. Epileptic seizures preceded the diagnosis of MOG antibody disease in the first patient. The disease presented as right-sided optic neuritis in the second patient. Seven years later, an epileptic seizure occurred after childbirth, when the BBB could have become permeable to circulating MOG antibodies. The disease presented with headache in the third patient. Right-sided optic neuritis and ataxia developed after an acute viral respiratory infection. Myelitis was diagnosed, and an epileptic seizure occurred one year later. The patient had a combination of CADASIL syndrome with MOG antibody disease.

Conclusion. Epileptic seizures are common in patients with MOG antibody disease. In addition to antiepileptic therapy, treatment of MOG antibody disease is crucial. This leads to good seizure control and a favourable prognosis.

About the authors

Varvara E. Avdeeva

M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Author for correspondence.
Email: varvara-kitaeva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9334-8246

senior laboratory assistant, Department of neurology in the Science section; student, Medical faculty,

Russian Federation, 129110, Russia, Moscow, Shchepkina str., 61/2; Moscow

Aleksey S. Kotov

M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute

Email: alexeykotov1980@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2988-5706

D. Sci. (Med.), Head, Neurological department in the Science section, Professor, Department of neurology

Russian Federation, 129110, Russia, Moscow, Shchepkina str., 61/2

References

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  2. Kotov A.S. Anti-MOG syndrome: two case reports. Nevrologiya, neiropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika. 2019; 11: 84–88. doi: 10.14412/2074-2711-2019-1-84-88. (In Russ.)
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  4. Paraskevas G.P., Bougea A., Synetou M. et al. CADASIL and autoimmunity: coexistence ina family with the R169C mutation at exon 4 of the NOTCH3 gene. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014; 38: 302–307. doi: 10.1159/000369000. PMID: 25412914.
  5. Fovet C.M., Stimmer L., Contreras V. et al. Intradermal vaccination prevents anti-MOG autoimmune encepha-lomyelitis inmacaques. EBioMedicine. 2019; 47: 492–505. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.052. PMID: 31492559.

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Copyright (c) 2021 Avdeeva V.E., Kotov A.S.

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